内容正文:
专题十四 宾语从句
2024届中考英语一轮复习进阶课件【人教版】
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知识讲解
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典例剖析
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考情分析
目
录
CONTENTS
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考情分析
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宾语从句在中考中占有极其重要的地位,几乎每年的中考都会对宾语从句进行不同角度的考查,常见考点为宾语从句的连接词、语序、时态、简化以及否定转移。
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知识讲解
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一、宾语从句
宾语从句是名词性从句的一种。在主从复合句中充当宾语,位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后的从句称为宾语从句。如:
He asked what you were doing last night.
用来充作宾语的句子叫做宾语从句。如:
He asked what you were doing last night.
他问你昨天夜晚在干什么。
I didn't know that he was wounded in the accident.
我原来不知道他在那事故中受了伤。
Can you explain why he didn't come to the party last Sunday?
你能解释上周星期日他为什么没有来参加聚会吗?
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二、分类:
1.动词宾语从句:顾名思义,它是位于动词后面的宾语从句。
例如:He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class.
他问我们班上谁的书法最好。
2.介词宾语从句:顾名思义,它是位于介词后面的宾语从句。
例如:I agree with what you said just now.
我同意你刚才说的话。
3.形容词宾语从句:顾名思义,它是位于形容词后面的宾语从句。
例如:I am afraid that I will be late.恐怕我要迟到了。
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三、宾语从句的语序
在含有宾语从句的复合句中,不管充当宾语从句的句子原来是什么语序,构成宾语从句时一定要用陈述语序。
I don't know where she comes from.
我不知道她来自哪里。
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四、注意:
1. that 在口语中常被省略,但在正式的文体中,不能省;并且它一般不能引导介词的宾语从句,但可引导except, but, in 等少数介词的宾语从句。如:
I didn't know (that) he was Li Lei.
我不知道他就是李蕾。
I will do anything I can to help you except that I’m ill.
只要我身体舒服,我愿做任何事情来帮助你。
2. 宾语从句之后带有补足语成分时,一般须用it作形式宾语,把宾语从句放到句末,此时的that不能省。如:
The boy has made it clear that they can't play with his toys. 那个男孩已清楚的表明他们不能玩弄他的玩具。
3. 动词advise, ask, demand, desire, insist(坚决主张), order, propose, request, suggest(建议)等词的宾语从句须用虚拟语气,即:(should) do的形式。
He asked that we (should) get there before nine o'clock. 他要求我们在九点钟之前赶到那儿。
The teacher advised us that we (should) not waste our time. 老师劝告我们不要浪费时间了。
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4. 宾语从句的时态与主句的时态须呼应。
1)当主句谓语动词的时态是现在时或将来时,从句的谓语动词可用任何所需要的时态表示。如:
He always says that he is our good friend.
他总是说他是我们的好朋友。
When the teacher knows what we have done, he will say that we have done a good deed. 当老师知道我们所干的事情时,他会说我们做了一件好事。
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2)当主句谓语动词的时态为过去时,从句的谓语动词须用响应的过去时。如:
He didn't tell us he came from Shanghai.
他没有告诉我们他来自上海。
He said he had read the book. 他说他读过这本书。
3) 但当从句的内容是客观真理或客观事实,而不受时间的限制时,即使主句谓语动词为过去时,从句仍用一般现在时。
When we were children, we were told that China is in the east of the world.
我们还