内容正文:
人教版初中英语九年级Unit9 语法、阅读、写作专题
I like music that I can dance to
语法专题
定语从句
在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词,通常位于定语从句之前。引导定语从句的关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose等,关系副词有when, where, why等。关系代词或关系副词位于先行词和定语从句之间,它既起连接作用,又充当从句中的某一句子成分。
1.关系代词的用法
(1)一般情况下,that既可指人又可指物,可以代替who, whom和which,在从句中作主语或宾语
例:The girl that/who has long hair is my younger sister.
留着长发的那个女孩儿是我妹妹。(作主语)
This is the pen that/which you are looking for.
这是你正在找的那支钢笔。(作宾语)
The person that/whom you just talked to is our new teacher.
刚才和你说话的人是我们的新老师。(作宾语)
(2)which指物,在从句中作主语或宾语
例:The cameras which are made in Japan sell well all over the world.
日本产的相机在全世界都卖得很好。(作主语)
The fish which we bought yesterday were not fresh.
我们昨天买的鱼不新鲜。(作宾语)
(3)who在从句中作主语或宾语,whom在从句中作宾语,whose在从句中作定语.
例:The boy who broke the window is called Tom.
打破窗户的男孩儿叫汤姆。(作主语)
The man whom our teacher is talking with is Daming's father.
正在和我们的老师说话的那个人是大明的父亲。(作宾语)
That's the man whose house has burned down.
就是那个男人的房子被烧毁了。(作定语)
小贴士
关系代词在句中作宾语时常可以省略。
例:The book I bought yesterday is an English grammar book.
我昨天买的那本书是一本英语语法书。
The man I met is Julia's father.我遇见的那个人是朱丽娅的父亲。
2.关系副词的用法
(1)when指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语
例:Can you tell me the time when we shall meet tomorrow?
你能告诉我我们明天见面的时间吗?
I won't forget the days when we lived together in the summer camp.
我将永远不会忘记我们一起在夏令营度过的那些日子。
小贴士
在某些表示时间的名词后关系副词常省略,如 the first time, every time, the moment等。
例:I still remember the first time I met her.我仍然记得我第一次见到她的时候。
(2)where指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语
例:This is the place where I first met her.这是我第一次见到她的地方。
The city where I lived ten years ago has changed much now.
我10年前居住过的城市现在大变样了
(3)why在从句中表示原因,先行词通常是reason
例:Can you tell me the reason why he didn't come to school today?
你能告诉我他今天不来学校的原因吗?
The reason why he suddenly fell ill is not clear by now.
他突然生病的原因到现在还不清楚。
3.只用that不用who或which的情况
(1)当先行词是everything, anything, nothing, none等不定代词时
例:Have you taken down everything that Mr. Li has said?
你记下李老师所说的一切了吗?
There seems to be nothing that seems impossible for him in the world.
在这个世界上似乎没有什么事对