Unit 3 语法Grammar 被动语态(1)-2023-2024学年八年级英语下册单元重难点易错题精练（沪教牛津版）

Unit 3 Traditional skills 被动语态(1) （时间：40分钟，满分：100分） 被动语态的概念和结构 (1) 被动语态的概念和基本结构：be done   语态也是动词的一种形式，表示主语与谓语之间的关系。英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。 如图示： 如： We speak English in class . 我们在课堂上说英语. 主语 谓语 宾语 如： English is spoken by us in class. 宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟 主语 谓语 （2）被动语态的基本结构： 1.肯定结构:主语（动作的承受着）+ be + 过去分词 （+ by（被，由的意思） + 动作的执行者） 若是代词，用其宾格形式 例：Apple trees are planted in the north. 2.否定结构：主语+be + not +过去分词（vt）+（by+宾语） →Apple trees aren't planted in the south. 3.一般疑问句：Be+主语+过去分词（vt）+（by+宾语）？ →Are they made in China? Yes, they are. →Was the museum built in 1993? 4.特殊疑问句：疑问词+be+主语+过去分词（vt）？ →What is the machine used for? 被动语态人称，数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。 一般现在时：is/am/are +done The classroom is cleaned every day. 一般过去时：was/were +done The letter was written yesterday . 一般将来时：will/shall be + done (am/is/are going to be done ) A new building will be built next year . 一、单项选择(本大题共50小题，每小题2分，共100分) 1．Look! The roof ________ fallen leaves. A．is covered with B．covered with C．is covered D．covered 2．—Why do you often have lunch in this restaurant? —As soon as I sit down, hot tea ________. A．serves B．is serving C．served D．is served 3．—The Olympic Games ________every four years. —So is the World Cup. A．are held B．were held C．are holding D．will hold 4．She is often seen ________ basketball on the playground. A．play B．to play C．plays D．playing 5．People ________ to write letters, but now the Internet is widely________． A．used; using B．are used; using C．are used; used D．used; used 6．How wonderful the dance is! It ________ the pow-wow. A．calls B．will call C．is called D．has called 7．Be careful! The bowl ________ with soup. It’s too hot. A．fill B．is filled C．is filling D．fills 8．It will take only 30 minutes from Taixing to C