内容正文:
小升初语法专题复习—动词的分类&形式
一、知识点讲解:
重要短语(中译英):
1.clean my room 打扫我的房间 2.wash my clothes 洗我的衣服
3.stay at home 待在家里 4.watch TV 看电视
5.drink tea 喝茶 6.have a cold 感冒
7.see a film 看电影 8.read a book 看书
9.play football 踢足球 10.study English 学英语
11.make the beds 整理床铺 12.go boating 划船
语法部分: 动词
(一)动词的种类
动词根据其在构成动词词组中所起的作用分为助动词和实义动词。
1.实义动词构成动词词组的基本意义,可分为及物动词、不及物动词和连系动词。
2.助动词协助实义动词构成动词词组,表示不同的语法意义和情态意义,主要分为基本助动词(如:be, do等)和情态动词(如:can, may, must, will, need等)。
(二)实义动词
1.连系动词
连系动词后面必须接表语(常为名词和形容词)
(1)常用的连系动词有:be(是),become(变成),get(成为),go(变成),look(看上去),grow(逐渐变成),seem(看上去),turn(变成),例如:
Jenny is very happy. He became famous.
Mike is getting taller. Milk goes bad easily in summer. Her face turned red.
*(2)表示感觉和知觉的动词也可以作连系动词,例如:
feel(感觉),taste(尝起来),smell(闻起来),sound(听起来)等。
例如:Norman doesn’t feel well today. How does the lemon taste?
The roast duck smells nice. That sounds good.
(三)助动词
1.基本动词:be, do
(1)be (am, is, are):作为助动词时,主要构成动词的现在进行时(be +v.ing),
例如:He isn’t watching TV in the sitting room.
They were playing football in the playground this time yesterday.
(2) do:常用于一般现在时或一般过去时的否定句和一般疑问句及其回答,
例如:I don’t like snakes.
—Did you go to the cinema last weekend? —Yes, I did.
—Do you often do your homework before supper? —Yes, I do.
【例】选择合适的助动词(be, do),并用适当的形式填空。
(1) It’s nine o’clock in the morning. They having an English lesson.
(2) The girl like bread for breakfast.
(3) It’s raining outside. We go out and play.
解析:
第1题是are leaving构成现在进行时;第2题是一般现在时的否定形式,the girl是第三人称单数,
2.情态动词:can, may, must, need,will (+V.原形)
情态动词的后面必须接动词原形构成谓语。
(1) can:表示“能够”的意思, can + 动词原形
例如:I can drive a car. 我能开车。
Can I turn down the radio? 我能关小收音机吗?
It can’t be true. 这不可能是真的。
*注意:Can...? 问题的肯定回答是:Yes, you can. 否定回答是:No, you