内容正文:
第二部分 语法专题精讲练
专题五 被动语态(必考:1道)
河北英语RJ
英语
1
概述:被动语态近10年只在单项选择中考查,每年必考1道,选项设置上通常是语态和时态的结合。
2
考点精讲
1.主动语态变被动语态的注意事项
宾变主,主变宾,谓语动词用被动(be+过去分词+by), 其他成分不变。
3
常见主动语态变被动语态的特殊情况
主动语态中有些感官动词(如hear, see, watch, notice等)和使役动词(如make, let等)后用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语,变为被动语态时,要把不定式符号to还原。如:
My mother made me clean my room yesterday morning.=I was made to clean my room by my mother yesterday morning.
4
2.被动语态的构成
时态 主动语态→被动语态
一般现在时
(10年7考) I always finish my homework on time.→My homework is
always finished on time(by me). [am/is/are+done]
一般过去时
(10年3考) Linda cooked the breakfast.→The breakfast was cooked by Linda.[was/were+done]
5
时态 主动语态→被动语态
一般将
来时 Jim will clean his room tonight.→Jim's room will be cleaned
tonight.[will/shall/be(am/is/are)going to+be+done]
含情态
动词 We should (not) water the flower every day.→The flower
should(not)be watered every day (by us).[情态动词
+be +done]
续表
6
3.使用被动语态的情况
(1)不知道动作的执行者是谁。如:
Rice is grown in the south of China.
(2)没有必要指出动作的执行者。如:
Smoking isn't allowed in the gas station.
(3)需要强调和突出动作的承受者。如:
Your work must be finished today.
7
(4)句子的主语是物。如:
Many houses were washed away by the floods.
(5)出于礼貌而不说出动作的执行者。如:
My glass was broken this morning.
8
4.主动形式表示被动意义的情况
(1)某些系动词,如:look, feel, smell, sound, taste, remain等,后接形容词时,用主动形式表被动意义。如:The fish tastes delicious.
(2)某些动词,如:wash, read, write, sell, wear, clean等,表示主语的特征、品质、性能时,用主动形式表被动意义。如:This pen writes very smoothly.
(3)want/need/require等表示“需要”的词,后面常跟v.-ing形式表示被动,相当于to be done。如:My bike needs repairing.
9
(4)have/want…+to do,若不定式的逻辑主语是句子的主语时,用主动形式表示被动意义。如:I have a piece of good news to tell you.
(5)be worth doing中,doing表被动意义。如:Dali is a beautiful city and well worth visiting.
(6)be+adj.+to do 结构中,当不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语时,不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。如:This food isn't easy to keep fresh.
10
考点精练
1.[2023河北40题]Breakfast ___ every day for people aged over 60 for
free in this village.
A. provides B. provided C. is provided D. was provided
2.[2022河北40题]—Mmm… Delicious. What is it?
—It ___ zongzi, Tony. It's a traditional