内容正文:
第二部分 语法专题精讲练
专题一 动词
命题点5 动词的非谓语形式
安徽英语WY
英语
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(近10年未考)
考点精讲
安徽近10年中考都没有涉及对动词的非谓语形式的考查,但是动词的非谓语形式在单项填空、单词拼写的题干及书面表达中都有涉及。因此,考生在复习备考中有必要简单了解这一语法点。
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考点1 动词不定式
动词不定式的基本构成是“to+动词原形”,有时可以不带to。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,在句中不可作谓语,但可作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语、表语和定语等。动词不定式的否定形式由“not+动词不定式”构成。如:
The teacher told me not to forget to bring my homework. 老师告诉我不要忘记带作业。
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1.动词不定式的常见用法
用法 例句
作宾语(常见后接动词不定式
作宾语的动词或短语有
prepare, decide, expect, offer,
afford, refuse,promise,
would like等) I decide to spend my holiday in the
countryside this summer.
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用法 例句
作宾语补足语(常见后接动词
不定式作宾语补足语的动词有
ask,advise,allow,
encourage,expect, force,
tell, remind 等) Mom asks me to go back home on time
every night.
续表
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用法 例句
作状语(分别可以作目的状
语、结果状语和原因状语) 目的状语:To catch the early bus, he
gets up very early.
结果状语:Paul is too excited to say
anything.
原因状语:I am very happy to talk with
you.
续表
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用法 例句
作主语(1.通常用it作形式主
语;2.若动词不定式位于句首
作主语,谓语动词用第三人称
单数) It's hard to improve English in a short
time.
To help others makes James happy.
续表
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用法 例句
作定语(置于被修饰的词之
后,作后置定语) I am not free now. I have lots of things
to do.
She had something important to deal
with.
作表语(常位于系动词之后) To see is to believe. 眼见为实/百闻不如
一见。
续表
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2.“疑问词+动词不定式”的用法
动词不定式与疑问词连用可作主语、宾语或表语。如:
When to go to Beijing hasn't been decided yet.(作主语)
I haven't decided when to leave Beijing.(作宾语)
My question is how to go to Beijing. (作表语)
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3.动词不定式常见句型
(1)prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 表示“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”。如:
I prefer to do sports rather than watch TV on the sofa.
(2)adj./adv.+enough to do sth. 表示“足够……做某事”。如:
Our school hall is big enough to hold two thousand students.
(3)too+adj./adv.+to do sth. 表示“太……而不能做某事”。如:
He is too young to attend primary school.
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(4)It's+adj.(+for/of sb.)+to do sth.表示“(对某人来说,)做某事是……/(某人)做某事是……”。如:
It's necessary for us to learn how to cook.
(5)It's one's turn to do sth.表示“轮到某人做某事”。如:
It's my turn to give a daily report.
(6)It's time to do sth.=It's time for sth.表示“是该做……的时候了”。如:
It's time to go to school.=It's time for school.
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(7)It takes/