八年级（上册）Unit 2-【一战成名新中考】2024河南中考英语·教材主题语篇练优质课件PPT（课标版）

八年级（上）Unit 2 （建议用时：25分钟） 河南英语KB 英语 1 一、选择型阅读 __________________________________________ Hand-washing is one of the best ways to protect yourself and your family from getting sick. How Germs（细菌） Spread 2 Washing hands can keep you healthy and prevent the spread of some illnesses. Germs can spread when you: ●Touch your eyes, nose, and mouth with unwashed hands ●Prepare or eat food and drinks with unwashed hands ●Touch objects that have germs on them ●Spit（吐痰） everywhere ●Blow（擤） your nose or cough into hands and then touch other people’s hands or common objects ▲ 续表 3 You can help yourself and your loved one stay healthy by washing your hands often. Especially you are likely to get and spread germs: ●Before, during, and after preparing food ●Before and after eating food ●Before and after caring for someone at home who is sick ●Before and after treating a cut ●After using the toilet ●After touching an animal, animal feed,or animal waste 续表 4 ●After dealing with pet food or pet treats ●After touching rubbish If you have some trouble, please click www. bluehealth. com for more information. 续表 5 1.What is one of the best ways to keep healthy according to the text?___ A. To keep pets. B. To wash hands. C. To eat healthy food. D. To stay with family. √ 【主旨大意】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了洗手是保持健康的最佳方法之一。为了保护好自己和家人的健康，应该勤洗手。 6 2.How can germs spread?___ A. a, b, c B. b, c, d C. a, b, d D. a, c, d √ 7 【解析】 细节归纳题。根据“How Germs（细菌） Spread”中的内容可知，不洗手就触摸眼睛、鼻子和嘴巴，吃饭或喝饮料之前不洗手及随地吐痰都可能让细菌得以传播。 3.Which of the following can be put in the “▲”?___ A. Time to Wash Hands B. Reasons to Wash Hands C. Ways to Wash Hands D. Places to Wash Hands 【解析】 句子还原题。根据空格后介绍的八点内容中的时间关键词“Before”、“during”及“after”可推知，此处说的是要什么时候洗手，故A项符合题意。 √ 9 4.How can you know more about hand-washing according to the text?___ A. By asking doctors. B. By watching TV. C. By reading a medicine book. D. By searching on the Internet. 5.Where would you probably read the text?___ A. In a science report. B. In a business newspaper. C. On a website. D. In a storybook. 【解析】 文章出处题。根据表格最后一段可知，本文应出自网站。 √ √ 10 二、五选五还原型阅读【2023南阳二模】 No one can avoid all illnesses. However, having a healthy diet, exercising and getting enough rest can help protect you from developing noncommunicable（非传染性的） diseases. 1.___ A healthy diet is made up of foods from different food groups. Eating healthy foods will help you stay healthy. It’s important to eat the right number of healthy foods from different food groups. Healthy foods include protein（蛋白质） such as beans, milk, or cheese and also include vegetables, fruits, and bread. 2.___ B D 11 Healthy foods keep your body strong, but unhealthy foods do not. Most ice cream has a lot of sugar in it. Most chips can have a lot of fat and salt in them. Junk food gets its name because it has little nutritional（营养的） value. 3.___ Eating too much junk food, especially foods with much salt, can lead to some diseases such as heart disease and so on. C 4.___ Sunshine helps you fight diseases and causes your body to produce Vitamin D which helps your body grow strong bones and muscles（肌肉）. Playing outside more often is also an easy way that can help you stay healthy. Enough rest is an important part, too. Only when people have enough rest can their tired body be relaxed.5.___ Have fun exercising with your friends and family and have a rest properly! A E 13 A. Exercise helps you stay healthy. B. It is important to have a healthy diet. C. Besides, it often includes lots of salt and sugar. D. These foods help fight off many kinds of diseases. E. Doing all of these things can help you prevent illnesses. 14 1.___ B 【解析】 根据下文“A healthy diet is made up of...”可知，空处应与健康饮食相关，B项符合语境。 2.___ D 【解析】 根据上文“Healthy foods include...”可知，空处应与上文介绍的健康的食物相关。分析备选项可知D项符合语境，介绍了这些食物的功能。 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了抵抗疾病的一些方法。 15 3.___ C 【解析】 根据上文“Junk food gets its name because it has little nutritional（营养的） value.”可知，垃圾食品营养含量很少。空处应与垃圾食物的特征相关，C项符合语境。 4.___ A 【解析】 根据下文“Playing outside more often...”可知，此处提到了户外运动可以让人保持健康，A项符合语境。 5.___ E 【解析】 结合下句及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了抵抗疾病的方法，故E项符合语境。 16 三、方框选词 happen cause suggest risk while necessary serious without need who We are told that we should drink at least 2,000 ml of water a day and more if we are exercising. But too much water can be deadly dangerous. However, many people don’t take it 1._________. seriously 17 The 2.______ is hyponatremia（低钠血症）. When we sweat（流 汗）, we lose 3.__________ salts which the body needs to keep its balance. Over-sweating and drinking make the body at 4._____. In this case, it is 5.__________ to get a new supply salt in time. Hyponatremia was first known in 1981. A doctor in South Africa noticed it 6.______ he was treating a woman doing long-distance running. However, anyone may have hyponatremia if they drink water for a long period of time 7.________ taking in salts. cause necessary risk suggested while without 18 Hyponatremia mostly 8._________ to the very young and the very old. They are less able to deal with their thirst（口渴）, and their water and salt levels, by themselves. Secondly, anyone 9._____ exercises for a long period of time is at risk. Thirdly, people whose sweat loss rises to 1,000 mL an hour are at risk because of increasing heat. We should all drink water and 10.______ more during hot conditions. But it is best to have drinks with salts in them, and to take sports drinks when exercising. happens who need 19 1._________ seriously 【解析】 结合语境及备选词可知此处表示许多人并不把它当回事。take sth. seriously认真对待某事，为固定搭配，serious符合语境；应用副词修饰动词take。 2.______ cause 【解析】 联系上文语境及备选词可知此处表示原因是低钠血症，cause符合语境；根据空后is可知应填可数名词单数。 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了运动后应该如何喝水以及不适当饮水的危害。 20 3.__________ necessary 【解析】 结合语境及备选词可知此处表示出汗时，我们会失去身体用来保持平衡所需的盐分，necessary符合语境。 4._____ risk 【解析】 联系上下文语境及备选词可知此处表示过度出汗和饮水会使身体面临风险，risk符合语境，at risk 在危险中，为固定搭配。 21 5.__________ suggested 【解析】 结合语境及备选词可知此处表示这种情况下，建议及时获得新的食盐供给，suggest符合语境；分析句子结构可知此处为一般现在时的被动语态，应填动词的过去分词形式。 6.______ while 【解析】 结合语境及备选词可知此处表示南非的一名医生在治疗一名进行长跑运动的女子时注意到了这一点,while符合语境。 22 7.________ without 【解析】 结合语境及备选词可知此处表示如果长时间喝水而不摄入盐，任何人都可能患上低钠血症，without符合语境。 8._________ happens 【解析】 结合语境及备选词可知此处表示低钠血症主要发生在年轻人和老年人身上，happen符合语境；结合全文可知，时态为一般现在时，且此句主语为单数，因此谓语动词应用单三形式。 23 9._____ who 【解析】 分析句子结构可知，此句包含一个定语从句，先行词anyone指人，在从句中作主语，关系词应用who。 10.______ need 【解析】 结合语境及备选词可知此处表示我们都应该喝水，且在高温条件下就需要更多，need符合语境；根据空前should及and可知此处应填动词原形。 24 四、书面表达【2023南阳二模】 积千累万，不如养个好习惯。良好的习惯不仅能够改变我们，而且也能让我们受益终生。请以“A good habit has changed me”为题，根据以下要点，写一篇英语短文。 要点：1）你养成了什么好习惯； 2）你是如何养成和坚持这个好习惯的； 3）这个好习惯给你带来了怎样的改变。 要求: 1）文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称； 2）词数100左右。 25 A good habit has changed me ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ Recently I have changed a lot, which makes me realize that how important it is for me to develop a good habit of exercising. A few months ago, I started exercising with my best friend, so we could encourage each other. I broke my goal down into small steps. I paid attention to one small step at a time and did it step by step. I also tried to make exercise more interesting and less stressful. For example, when I didn’t feel like running, I would listen to my favorite songs to relax. Maybe sometimes I had a hard time sticking to it, but I overcame the difficulty. I still keep exercising till now. ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ I have become healthier and more confident than before because of this good habit. How great I am! 26 $$