内容正文:
上海英语高考·语法填空专题复习
【知识储备】
1. 长难句分析能力,即要先学会基础句型(主谓、主谓宾、主谓宾宾、主谓宾宾补、主系表)、句子结构(简单句、并列句、主从复合句)、句子成分(主、谓、宾、定、状、补)。
2. 重点语法具体内容,即时态语态、三大从句、非谓语、情态动词、倒装、强调、虚拟、主谓一致等
3. 固定搭配中的介词、代词、冠词、连词、情态动词、助动词等
【解题思路】
1. 有关键词:只有一个横线,不可以变换词性,根据上下文写出所给单词的正确形式
(1)动词
a. 作谓语
语态:考虑动词是否及物,动词和主语之间的关系
时态:考虑时间状语、时态语态句型、上下文语境
b. 作非谓语
根据所缺成分判断用动名词/分词/不定式、主动/被动、进行体/一般体/完成体。
(2)形容词/副词
a. 原形
b. 比较级*2:more~/--er, less ~
c. 最高级*2:(the) most ~/--est, (the) least~
2. 没有关键词:有几个横线填几个词
可以填介词、代词、冠词、连词、情态动词、助动词。
大致有以下几种情况:
1 动词和名词之间缺,或者固定搭配用介词,如 break out laughter
2 缺主语,用代词,如They finally reached there
3 缺定语,用代词/冠词,如Smith, an artist from the USA, is keen on Chinese culture.
4 连接两个句子用连词,如He was about to leave when the bell rang.
5 主语和谓语之间缺,用情态动词/助动词,如The stadium can be emptied in four minutes..
6 第五种情况,常和倒装一起考,如Tom can swim, so does Jenny.
7 感觉什么都不缺,可以试试反身代词。
【常用词】
1. 介词
自从
1: since
直到
1: until, till
在……之前/后
1: before, after
和,并且
1: and
3: as well as, in addition to
例如
1: like
2: such as
如……一样/不一样
1: like, unlike
尽管
1: despite
2: regardless of
3: in spite of
要不是
1: without
2: but for
而不是
2: rather than, instead of
除了
1: (把……除外)except
(把……包含在内)besides
2: (把……除外)except for
(把……包含在内)other than, apart from
因为
1: (常翻译为“带着”)with She blushed with embarrassment.
2: because of, due to, thanks to, owing to
如果发生……; 万一
3: in case of
作为
1: as
根据
2: according to
至于,关于
2: as for, as to
方位介词/固定搭配
in, on, at, near, with (without)/ above/ below/ along/ beyond/ among/ past/ against/ through/throughout/ including/ across/ towards…
2. 代词
人称代词
1: I, me等
物主代词
1: my, mine等
反身代词
1: myself, ourselves等
指示代词
1: this, that, these, those, such, each, both, all, neither, none, either, any, another, others等
2: the other, the others等
疑问代词
1: who, whom, what, which, whose
2: how many, how much, how long, how often, how far, how soon
不定代词
1: somebody/someone, anybody/anyone, nobody, something, anything, everything, nothing
形式主语/宾语
it
3. 冠词:a, an, the
4. 连词
当……时候
1: when
每当
1: whenever