第11讲 语法提优 名词单复数（译林版三起）

语法提优 名词单复数 知识精讲 根据名词的数量是否可数，普通名词又分为可数名词和不可数名词。 1.可数名词 可数名词指能用数目来计算，可以分成个体的人或事物，有单复数之分。 (1)单数可数名词：数量是1的人或物 I have a book.我有一本书。 She is a girl.她是一个女孩。 (2)复数可数名词：数量超过1的人或物 She has two pencils.她有两支铅笔。 There are thirty students in our class.我们班有30名学生。 (3)可数名词单数变复数 ①规则变化 一般词尾直接加-S car→cars 词尾是s,x,ch,sh,加-es bus→buses box→boxes watch→watches dish→dishes 词尾是o,有生命加-es,无生命加-s potato→potatoes piano→pianos 词尾是“辅音字母+y”,变y为i,再加-es;是 "元音字母+y",直接加-s baby→babies boy→boys 词尾是f/fe,变f/fe为v,再加-es leaf→leaves knife→knives ②不规则变化 改变单词中间的元音 a变e man→men woman→women oo变ee foot→feet tooth→teeth 词尾加ren/en child→children ox→oxen 单复数同形 fish Chinese sheep family 只有复数形式 trousers chopsticks 注意：不可数名词指无法用准确的数字来说明数量的名词，只有单数形式。 真题链接 一、选择题 ( )1．（2022上·江苏盐城·四年级校考期中）I like that ______. Do you like ______, Mike? A．tigers; tigers B．tiger; tigers C．tiger; tiger ( )2．（2022上·江苏盐城·四年级校考期中）I have an ______. I like ______. A．apple; apple B．apple; it C．apples; apples ( )3．（2022上·江苏盐城·四年级校考期中）This is a beautiful ______. Do you like ______? A．cat; cat B．cats; cat C．cat; cats ( )4．（2022上·江苏盐城·四年级校考期中）I like this _______ and these _______. A．cat; monkeys B．cats; monkeys C．cat; monkey ( )5．（2022上·四年级单元测试）We ______ have any ______. A．can’t; grape B．aren’t; apples C．don’t; milk ( )6．（2022上·江苏苏州·四年级统考期末）Lily’s ______ are big. Her ______ is big too. A．ears; eyes B．eyes; mouth C．noses; eye ( )7．（2022上·江苏苏州·四年级统考期末）I have some ______. I can play ______ very well. A．footballs; football B．football; football C．football; footballs ( )8．（2023上·江苏宿迁·四年级统考期中）—How many ______ do you have? —I have five. A．ball B．balls C．a ball ( )9．（2023上·江苏宿迁·四年级统考期中）This is a lovely ______. I like ______. A．lions; lion B．lion; lions C．lions; lions ( )10．（2023上·江苏扬州·四年级统考期末）—Do you like this ______? —Yes, I do. I like ______. A．pandas; panda B．panda; pandas C．panda; panda ( )11．（2023上·江苏南通·四年级校联考期中）—Do you like this toy ______? —No, I ______. I like toy ______