Unit 2 单元语法点+练习2023-2024学年人教版八年级英语下册

Unit2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks. GRAMMAR 语法精讲 语法专题一:动词与介词的固定搭配 一、短语动词分类: 1. 动词+介词 ask for 请求 belong to 属于 look at 看 look after 照顾 learn from 向…学习 remind of 提醒 take after 与…相像 2. 动词+ 副词 take away 拿走 wake up 醒来 put off 推迟 give out 分发 think over 考虑 end up 结束 3. 动词+ 副词+ 介词 come up with 提出,想出 run out of 用完 get along with 与…相处 do well in 擅长 look forward to 期望 catch up with 赶上 4.动词+ 名词+ 介词 take part in 参加 make use of 利用 pay attention to 注意 take care of 照顾 5.系动词+ 形容词+ 介词 be strict with 对……要求严格 be mad at 对…..恼火 be full of 充满 be different from 与……不同 二、 短语动词的用法: 1. 以介词结尾的短语动词,后面接名词,代词,动名词作其宾语,该名词,代词或动名词必须放在介词的后面。 think of 想起 look after 照顾 look for 寻找 agree with 同意 e.g. I can’t think of what happened last night. I am looking for my purse. 2.“动词+副词” 结构的短语动词后可解名词,代词或动名词作宾语。 (1)接名词时,可以放在短语中间,或短语之后 (2)接代词时,代词只能放在动词或副词之间 put on 穿上 put off 脱下 put up 挂起 find out 找出 give up 放弃 give away 捐赠 hand out 分发 wake up 叫醒 turn up 调高 turn down 调低 turn on 打开 turn off 关闭 e.g. Put on your coat. = Put your coat on. Put it / them on. (对) Put on it / them. (错) 语法专题二:不定式的用法 1. 作主语 (1)to do 句首作主语(为单数) To learn a foreign language is not easy. (2)用it作形式主语,把真正的主语不定式置于句后。 “It is + adj. sb. to do sth.”意为“做某事对某人来说是……的”。 “It is a / one’s + n. (task / duty / job) + to do sth.” 意为“做某事是……的任务/职责/工作”。例如:It’s my duty to save patients. 治病救人是我的职责。 It is not easy to learn a foreign language. 形式主语 真正主语 它相当于:To learn a foreign language is not easy. 2. 作表语 The important thing is to finish the work on time. 3. 作宾语。 (1)动词+to do (常见的动词如choose, hope, offer, want, decide, learn, plan, wish) Three teenagers offered to do some voluntary work. 位青少年主动提出去做义务性工作。 Cindy wanted to paint a picture of the park. 辛迪想要画一张公园的画。 (2)动词 + 特殊疑问词+ to do Do you know how to help disabled children? 你知道怎么帮助残疾儿童吗? He remembered what to do. 他记得要做什么。 (3)动词 + it(形式宾语)+宾补 +to do(常见的动词是think, find, believe) I think it important to learn English. 【典例分析】用所给词正确形式填空 1. He decided (buy) the camera 2. I want (listen) some music after class 3. I hope