Unit 4 Everyday economics Using Language 语法课件-2022-2023学年高中英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第四册

Unit 4 Period 2 Grammar 课 堂 学 习 attributive clauses 1 Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions. a This is a place where roses grow wild. b The biggest challenge at the initial phase was to persuade people to work for me, which was totally outside my experience. 1 What does “where” refer to in sentence (a)? “Where” in sentence (a) refers to “a place”. 2 What does “which” refer to in sentence (b)? “Which” in sentence (b) refers to “to persuade people to work for me”. 3 Which sentence contains a clause with essential information about the subject? 4 Which sentence contains a clause with extra information about the subject? Sentence (a). Sentence (b). Now look for more sentences with attributive clauses in the reading passage. She couldn’t, however, hide the line of sweat running down her forehead, which was caused partly by the heat of the television studio, but more by fear of the four people seated in front of her. Zhang therefore decided to return to her home town and grow roses, which surprised many people. As someone who grow up in the country, Zhang already knew about growing plants. However, like any entrepreneur who was just starting out, she still had a lot to learn. Seeing her peers who also dream of success and independence, Zhang has mixed feelings. For young people who have little life experience, that can be a challenge. 【语法讲解】 (1) 在复合句中作定语，修饰名词、代词等的从句叫定语从句。 (2) 在复合句中，被定语从句修饰的名词、代词等，叫做先行词。 先行词一般出现在定语从句之前。有时先行词是整个句子。 e.g. They sent my child to the school every morning, which I considered a great help to me. (3) 引导定语从句的词被称为关系词。 定语从句 分类 关系词 指代对象 在从句中的作用 关系代词 who 指人 作主语、宾语、表语 whom 指人 作宾语 whose 指人或物 作定语 that 指人或物 作主语、表语或宾语 which 指物 作主语、宾语、表语、定语 as 指人或物 作主语、宾语、表语 关系副词 when 指时间 作时间状语 where 指地点 作地点状语 why 指原因 作原因状语 定语从句中的关系词 关系词的作用 引导定语从句 代替先行词 在定语从句中担当一个成分 关系词指代先行词在定语从句中充当成分，因此在定语从句中不能再重复先行词或指先行词的代词。 注意 定语从句的分类 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 和先行词的关系密切，不用逗号分开; 可用关系词 that 引导; 可以省略关系词（关系词作宾语时） 作宾语时，可用 who或that替代whom 只可修饰先行词，不可以修饰主句或主句的