chapter07 analysis of a tariff（课件）- 《国际贸易(英文版) 》同步教学（人民大学版）

1 Chapter 07 Analysis of a Tariff 2024/1/20 Theory and Policy of International Trade 2024/1/20 2 7.1 Types of Tariff A tariff, is a tax or duty levied on the traded commodity as it crosses a national boundary. An import tariff is a duty on the imported commodity, while an export tariff is a duty on the exported commodity. 2024/1/20 2 Theory and Policy of International Trade 7.1 Types of Tariff 1. A specific tariff is stipulated as a money amount per physical unit of import, such as dollars per ton of steel bars, or dollars per eight-cylinder two-door sports car. 2024/1/20 3 Theory and Policy of International Trade 2024/1/20 4 7.1 Types of Tariff 2. An ad valorem (on the value) tariff is a percentage of the estimated market value of the goods when they reach the importing country. 2024/1/20 4 Theory and Policy of International Trade 2024/1/20 5 7.1 Types of Tariff 3. A compound tariff is a combination of an ad valorem and a specific tariff. 2024/1/20 5 Theory and Policy of International Trade 6 7.1 Types of Tariff 4. A alternative tariff means that the customs choose either of the specific duty and the ad valorem duty. Mostly, the duty of the greater amount will be chosen. 2024/1/20 6 Theory and Policy of International Trade 7 7.2 Major Purposes of Imposing a Tariff 1. A revenue tariff is to generate fiscal revenue. This tariff is normally set at a low level and usually not considered a threat to international trade. 2024/1/20 7 Theory and Policy of International Trade 8 7.2 Major Purposes of Imposing a Tariff 2. A protective tariff is designed to make foreign products more expensive than domestic products and, as a result, protect domestic companies. 2024/1/20 8 Theory and Policy of International Trade 9 7.3 Different Levels of Tariff Rates 1. Preferential duties Preferential duty stems from the historical example that Great Britain levied a lower tariff rate on the good coming from its colonie