2024年英语中考复习之情态动词讲义

中考 情态动词 (一)动词分类 1. 助动词 不同时态的助动词有: 2.系动词 系动词包含 be动词，感官动词，表变化、结果的动词，如am/is/are,sound/look/taste/smell/feel,become/grow/go/get/turn,prove，stay/keep/remain,seem/appear 3.实义动词 又称行为动词，可以分为及物动词，不及物动词work,run,walk,listen. 区别：及物动词+宾语，不及物动词后不能直接跟宾语 4.情态动词 1.can： ①表能力，“能，会” I can speak English We can take the bus and the metro to school. We can plant more trees. We (能拖地). ②表允许，请求 ，could语气更委婉。Could还是can的过去式。 Can I use your computer? — Could I use your mobile phone? — Yes, you can. Here you are. ③用can't，表示“不可能” Mr Wang can't be at home. He is abroad now. ④表示惊异、不相信等态度“怎么，如何”(主要用于否定句和疑问句中) Eg:How could he do such a thing? --How could I thank you enough?--Don’t mention it.Any other man in that case would have done that. --How could you eat that alone? How could the man remain such a mystery? How could I get in touch with him with this tricky address? ※Why can’t I go to the party? 2. May ①表示许可或征求对方的许可，“可以”的意思 May I use your computer? 回答以may 开头的疑问句有如下表达方式： — May I smoke here? 我可以在这儿吸烟吗？ — Yes, you may/can./Yes, please./No, you can't/may not./No, you'd better not. ②表推测 (眉山)— I can't find my phone anywhere. — You may have lost it while shopping. 3.Must: ①表强制，义务 Eg:You must finish your homework before you play football. ②表推测“一定，必定” Eg:The T-shirt must be Tom’s--He like black. ③一般疑问句的否定答语： Eg:--Must I finish my homework now? --No,sb needn’t/don’t have to . - Must we return the book to the library today? - No, you _________ . You can _________ it for two weeks. A. mustn't; keep B. mustn't; lend C. needn't; keep D. needn't; borrow ④mustn’t：“禁止，表示法律法规条文要求的” Eg:We mustn’t play on the road. We mustn’t cross the raod when it is red man. ※What mustn’t we do on the road? 4.should ①应该 Eg:We should use paper bags and glass bottles. We should not drive so much. We should not plastic bags (使用太多的塑料袋，塑料瓶) We should (保护树木) ②竟然 Mary should love such a person a