内容正文:
教材精讲练·山东英语SDJY
第
二
部
分
语
法
专
题
精
讲
练
Itwasacoldandwindymorning.George
1. (do)hisdailyworkwhenhehearda
noisefromtheseaside.“Someone2.
(shout).Whatsthemater?”Georgewondered
whilehewasridingthere.“Help!”Awomanwas
crying.“Mybaby3. (be)inthebuggy
(婴儿车)inthesea.”George4. (look)at
thesea,andsawababysbuggyinthedeepfreez
ingcoldwater.Thestrongwind5.
(blow)thebuggyintothesea.He6.
(jump)intothewaterandpuledthebuggytothe
land.Thenthebabywastakentothehospital.
Afterhe7. (finish)helpingtheba
by,Georgewenthome.Afterawhile,thebabys
grandfather8. (go)tohishouseand
said,“Thanksalotforwhatyoudid.Thebabyis
outofdanger.He9. (leave)thehospital
intwodays.”Georgewasveryhappytohearthat.
Hesaid,“ImjustgladIcouldhelp.”Healso
10. (advise)thegovernmenttoputup
somesignstowarnthepeoplenottowalkalongthe
seafrontinverywindyweather.
命题点4 动词的语态
考点精讲
1.被动语态的结构
被动语态的结构为“主语(动作的承受者)+助
动词be+及物动词的过去分词”。常见的被动
语态结构如下:
时态 被动语态结构 示例
一般现在时 am/is/aredone
Wecleantheclassroom
everyday.(主动)
→Theclassroomiscleaned
byuseveryday.(被动)
一般过去时 was/weredone
QianZhongshuwrotethe
book.(主动)
→Thebookwaswritenby
QianZhongshu.(被动)
一般将来时
wil/shal/be
goingtobedone
Theywilplanttreesto
morow.(主动)
→Treeswilbeplantedby
themtomorow.(被动)
含情态动词
情态动词
+bedone
Weshouldntthrowwaste
paperhere.(主动)
→Wastepapershouldnt
bethrownhere.(被动)
2.主动语态变被动语态的方法
口诀:宾变主,主变宾,谓语动词用被动。
常见主动语态变被动语态的特殊情况
主动语态中有些感官动词(如 hear,see,
watch,notice等)和使役动词(如make,let等)
后用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语,变为被动
语态时,要把不定式符号to还原。如:
hear/seesb.dosth.→sb.beheard/seento
dosth.
makesb.dosth.→sb.bemadetodosth.
3.使用被动语态的情况
(1)不知道动作的执行者是谁。如:
ThiswatchwasmadeinChina.
(2)没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。如:
Smokingisntalowedhere.
(3)需要强调或突出动作的承受者时。如:
Chineseisnowspokenalaroundtheworld.
(4)出于礼貌而不说出动作的执行者。如:
Myglasswasbrokenthismorning.
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教材精讲练·山东英语SDJY
第
二
部
分
语
法
专
题
精
讲
练
(5)动作的发出者不是人。如:
Manyhouseswerewashedawaybytheflood.
4.主动结构表被动意义的情况
(1)open,lock,wr