内容正文:
2024年中考英语专项复习
句法部分: 主从复合句之
定语从句
课件
(含2023中考真题)
定语从句(Attributive Clause)
在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句, 它通常位于被修饰词之后。被修饰的名词或代词叫作先行词,引导定语从句的词叫作关系词。
Carmen likes musicians who can play different kinds of music.
先行词
关系词
主句
定语从句
卡门喜欢能够演奏各种音乐的音乐家。
定语从句的关系词的作用
在定语从句中代替先行词
在定语从句中充当一定的成分(主语,宾语,定语,状语等)
连接主句和从句,构成主从复合句
I have a sister.
我有一个姐姐。
She works in Shanghai.
她在上海工作。
I have a sister who works in Shanghai.
我有一个在上海工作的姐姐。
定语从句的关系词的分类
1)关系代词:that, which, who, whom, whose,在定语从句中代替
主句的先行词人或物,并可以在从句中充当主语、
宾语、表语、定语等。
e.g. I like music that I can dance to.
The woman who is speaking is our headteacher.
The trees which were planted last year grow quickly.
The room whose window is open belongs to me.
The boy whom Tom is talking with is his brother.
作宾语
作主语
作主语
作定语
作宾语
2)关系副词:when, where, why, 在定语从句中代替主句的先行
词,并在从句中充当状语。
e.g. I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.
This is the factory where I worked last year.
I know the reason why David came late.
作时间状语
作地点状语
作原因状语
常见的关系代词的用法
关系代词 在从句中充当成分 指代 例句
that 作主语或宾语(作宾语时可省略) 指物 A plane is a machine that can fly.(作主语)
The fish soup (that) you cooked is delicious. (作宾语)
指人 The girl that is dancing is my sister. (作主语)
Where is the man (that) I saw this morning?(作宾语)
关系代词 在从句中充当成分 指代 例句
which 作主语或宾语 (作宾语时可省略) 指物(通常可与that互换) Football is a game which is liked by most boys.(作主语)
This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.(作宾语)
who 通常作主语,也可作宾语(作宾语时可省略)
指人(通常可与that互换) The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(作主语)
She is the girl (who) I met at the party. (作宾语)
关系代词 成分 指代 例句
whom 作宾语,可省略 指 人 Lily is the girl whom you helped once.(作宾语)
whose 作定语 指人 I know the girl whose hair is long.(作定语)
指物 I live in a house whose windows face south.(作定语)
当关系代词在从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词要与先行词的单复数形式保持一致。
The woman who/that is speaking at the meeting is my mom.
I like movies that are scary.
关系代词that和which都可以指代表示物的先行词,大多时候可以互换。但是