Unit5 语法讲义2023-2024学年人教版英语八年级上册

人教版八年级上册语法知识点-5 人教版八年级上册语法 unit5 动词不定时 ◎语法精讲 考向（1）动词不定式作宾语  1.Do you want to watch a game show?你想看游戏类节目吗?(教材 P33 标题) 2.I hope to be a TV reporter one day.我希望有一天能成为一名电视台记者。(教材 P34 2d)3What can 3.You expect to learn from sitcoms?你期望从情景喜剧中学到什么?(教材P35 Grammar Focus) 【语法概述】动词不定式(肯定结构:to+动词原形;否定结构:not +to+动词原形)是一种非谓语形式,在句子中可以作主语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、表语等。 后接动词不定式作宾语的常用动词 要求 选择和同意(ask,choose,agree) 期望、决定和学习(expect,decide,learn) 宁可、假装和计划(prefer,pretend,plan) 希望、想要和愿意(wish,hope, want, would like) 例：1.We chose to go there by train.我们选择了乘火车去那里。 2.He's learning to dance.他正在学跳舞。 3.I decide to forgive her because everyone makes mistakes in life. 我决定原谅她,因为每个人在生活中都会犯错。 [典例]-What are you going to do tonight? -I plan_______Days of Our Past. A. watch B. watching C.to watch D.watched 解析:"你打算今晚干什么?""我打算看《我们过去的日子》。" plan to do sth.意为"打算做某事",为固定结构,故选 C。 【拓展延伸】有些动词后既可接动词不定式作宾语也可接动词-ing 作宾语,但两者的意思大不相同。 stop to do sth.停下来去做某事 Let's stop to help the old man.我们停下来帮助这位老人吧。 stop doing sth.停止做某事 The bell rang and students stopped talking.铃响了,学生们停止谈话。 remember doing sth记得做过某事 I remember posting your letters.我记得寄出了你的信。 remember to do sth.记得要做某事 Please remember to post theletters. 请记得寄这几封信。 forget to do sth.忘记要做某事 I forgot to go to the post office.我忘了去邮局。 forget doing sth.忘记做过某事 I forgot going to the post office我忘了去过邮局了。 mean to do sth.打算做某事 What do you mean to do? 你打算做什么? mean doing sth.意味着做某事 His words mean refusing us.b的话意味着拒绝我们。 典例2Please stop_____and go out for a walk. Remember_____ warm clothes. A. to study; wearing B. studying; to wear C. to study; to wear D. studying; wearing 解析:请停止学习,去外面散一下步 记得穿上暖和的衣服。stop doing sth."停止做某事";stop to do sth."停下来去做某事";remember doing sth"记得做过某事" ;remember to do sth."记得去做某事"根据句意可知选B。 考向(2)"特殊疑问词 + 不定式”作宾语 decide, know, ask, show, teach, guess, find out等动词(短语)后可接"特殊疑问词 + 不定式"作宾语,常见的疑问代词有 who,whom,what, which whose,常见的疑问副词有 when,where, how。 We must know what to do next. 我们必须知道下一步该做什么。 H