M1U1语法（知识清单）-2023-2024学年英语六年级下册单元速记·巧练系列（外研版三起）

2023-2024学年英语六年级下册单元速记·巧练系列（外研版三起） 语法（知识清单） Module1 Unit 1 I want a hot dog, please. 可数名词&不可数名词 名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。 可数名词——可以数的名词 如：apple dog student 不可数名词——数不清（没有复数） 如：water milk meat 可数名词单复数 单数：a book, an apple 复数的规则变化： ①一般情况下在词尾加s。 student-students, cap-caps, car-cars ②以s、x、ch、sh、ss结尾，词尾加es。 bus-buses, fox-foxes, watch-watches, dish-dishes，class-classes ③以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i加es。 baby-babies city-cities ④以“f或fe”结尾，变f或者fe为v加es。 knife-knives, wife-wives 口诀 妻(wife)见小偷(thief)架(shelf)下藏，手拿小刀(knife)想杀狼(wolf)。 谁知落下半片(half)叶(leaf)，砸在头上一命(life)亡。 ⑤以o结尾的名词，表示无生命的事物加s，表示有生命的事物加es。 无生命：radio-radios, zoo-zoos, photo-photos 有生命：tomato-tomatoes, potato-potatoes 复数的不规则变化： ①改变中间元音。 如：man-men，woman-women，foot-feet，tooth-teeth, goose-geese ②词尾加en或者ren。 如：ox-oxen, child-children ③单复数形式相同 如：deer-deer，fish-fish，sheep-sheep，Chinese-Chinese 口诀 中国人(Chinese)和日本人(Japanese)很爱护绵羊(sheep)、鹿(deer)和鱼(fish)。 复合名词的复数变化： ①以man或者woman为前缀的复合名词变复数时，前后两个名词都要变成复数形式。 man teacher-men teachers, woman doctor-women doctors ②不以man或者woman为前缀的复合名词变复数时，只需把后面的名词变成复数形式。 boy student-boy students, paper bag-paper bags 不可数名词的数量变化 不可数名词不可以用个数来计算，需要表示数量时，要借助量词。 a cup of tea two cups of tea a piece of bread two pieces of bread 巩固练习 1、   选择题。 (    )1．—_______ is the cola? —It’s 1.25 dollars. A．How many B．How much C．How old (    )2．—_______ do you want? —I want a hot dog and a cola. A．What B．Where C．When (    )3．—Can I help you? —A hot dog _________ me, please. A．for B．at C．in (    )4．—______ is this raincoat? —It’s 5 dollars and 20 cents. A．How long B．How much C．How many (    )5．—Can I help you? —______ A．Yes, I can. B．No, you can. C．I want a hot dog. (    )6．—______ do you want? —A hot dog. A．Who B．What C．Where (    )7．—How much is it? —It is ______. A．thirteen dollars and one cent B．thirteen dollars and one cents C．thirteen dollar and one cents (    )8．—______ is it? —It's 2 dollars. A．How B．How much C．How many (    )9．I want a hot dog and _____ noodles. A．any B．one C．s