M1U1语法（知识清单）-2023-2024学年英语五年级下册单元速记·巧练系列（外研版三起）

2023-2024学年英语五年级下册单元速记·巧练系列（外研版三起） 语法（知识清单） Module1 Unit 1 We lived in a small house. There be 句型的用法 · 表示某个地方存在某物或某人，Be动词的单复数必须依主语的变化而变化。(单数is复数are) 例：There is a table in the room.房间里有一张桌子。 There are some birds in the tree.树上有很多鸟。 There be句型结构 · There is+单数可数+地点状语 例：There is a ruler on the desk.书桌上有一把尺。 · There are+复数主语+地点状语 例：There are four apples on the tree.树上有四个苹果。 There are some flowers in the park.公园里有许多花。 · There is +不可数名词+地点状语(即使有some也是单数) 例：There is some water in the bottle.瓶子里有一些水。 (水是不可数名词) There be句型的疑问句及回答 There be句型的一般疑问句 1.在“There is/are…”的一般疑问句中，要把Be动词放在there之前，并将句号变问号。(难点：句中出现的some要改成any。) 2.肯定回答为：Yes,there is/are. 3.否定回答为：No,there isn't/aren't. 可数名词单数 肯定句：There is an apple on the tree. 疑问句：Is there an apple on the tree? 肯定回答：Yes,there is. 否定回答：No,there isn't. 可数名词复数 肯定句：There are five pens on the desk. 疑问句：Are there five pens on the desk? 肯定回答：Yes,there are. 否定回答：No,there aren't. 不可数名词 肯定句：There is some water in the cup.(水是不可数名词) 否定句：Is there any water in the cup? 肯定回答：Yes,there is. 否定回答：No,there isn't. There be句型的特殊疑问句 There be句型的特殊疑问句形式有以下三种变化： ①对主语提问：当主语是人时，用Who's+介词短语?; 当主语是物时，用What's+介词短语?。 注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对之提问时一般都用be的单数形式，回答时却要根据实际情况来决定。 ②对地点状语提问：提问地点用Where is /are+主语? ③对数量提问：一般有两种句型结构： How many+复数名词+are there+介词短语?How much+不可数名词+is there+介词短语? 例：How many people are there in the picture? How much water is there in the bottle? 口诀 There be句型有特点，主语跟在be后面； 单数主语用is,复数用are记心间； be是一个近视眼，只随身后主语变；变否定很简单，be后要把not添；变疑问也不难，把be提到there前。 some和any的区别 辨析any和some都表示“一些”,但any常用于疑问句和否定句中，some常用于肯定句中。 例：I have some books. I don't have any pens.我有一些书。我没有钢笔。 巩固练习 1、     选择题。 ( )1．There _____ any horses here yesterday. A．aren’t B．were C．weren't ( )2．We _____ near a supermarket five years ago. A．live B．lived C．living ( )3．Many years ago there ______ any televisions. A．wasn't B．weren't C．aren't ( )4．There ______ three books on the desk two years ago. A．was B．were C．are ( )5．They are ______ home. A．in B．on C．at ( )6．They didn't