内容正文:
There be 句型知识点
There be句型是小学、初中英语学习中的重要内容,表示(某处)有(某物/人),基本结构为“There be +某物/人+某地”。
be动词的单复数必须依主语的变化而变化,单数is,复数are。
如:There is a table in the room. 房间里有一张桌子。
There are some birds in the tree. 树上有很多鸟。
结构
1. There is+a/an+单数可数名词+地点状语
There is a ruler on the desk. 书桌上有一把尺。
2.There are+复数可数名词+地点状语
There are four apples on the tree. 树上有四个苹果。
3.There is + 不可数名词 +地点状语
There is some water in the bottle. 瓶子里有一些水。
就近原则
重点考点:There be句型中,几个名词并列时,be的单复数形式由最近名词单复数决定。
There is a pen, two books and many pencils on the desk.
本句中有钢笔、书和铅笔,离be最近的是单数a pen,因此,be动词用单数is。
疑问句及回答
(一)一般疑问句
把be动词调整到句首,再在句尾加上问号即可。当肯定句中有some时,要改为any(否定变化也一样)。
There is some water on Mars.(火星上有一些水)
→Is there any water on Mars?(火星上有水吗?)
There are some fish in the water.(水里有一些鱼)
→Are there any fish in the water?(水里有鱼吗?)
(二)There be 句型的回答
肯定回答:Yes, there is/are.
否定回答:No, there isn’t/aren’t.
(三)特殊疑问句
提问There be句型的特殊疑问句形式有以下三种变化:
1.对主语提问:当主语是人时,用“Who”提问;当主语是物时,用“What”。注意:无论原句的主语是单数还是复数,提问时一般都用be的单数形式,回答时根据实际情况来决定。
There are many things over there.(那边有很多东西)
→What's over there?(那边是什么?)
There is a little girl in the room.(房间里有个小女孩)
→Who is in the room?(谁在房间里?)
2.对地点提问:
提问地点用“Where is/are+主语”
There is a computer on the desk.(桌子上有一台电脑)
→Where is the computer?(电脑在哪里?)
3.对数量提问:
How many+复数名词+are there+地点短语?
How much+不可数名词+is there+地点短语?
There are two chairs in the bedroom. 卧室里有两把椅子。
How many chairs are there in the bedroom? 卧室里有多少把椅子?
★ 例句:
①.单数可数名词
肯定句 There is an apple on the tree. 树上有个苹果。
一般疑问句 Is there an apple on the tree? 树上有苹果吗?
肯定回答:Yes, there is. 否定回答:No, there isn’t.
就an apple提问:What's on the tree? 树上有什么?
②.复数可数名词
肯定句 There are five boys in the classroom. 教室里有五个男孩。
一般疑问句 Are there five boys in the classroom? 教室里有五个男孩吗?
肯定回答:Yes, there are. 否定回答 No, there aren’t.
就数量提问:
How many boys are there in the classroom? 教室里有几个男孩?
③.不可数名词
肯定句 There is some water in the cup. (水是不可数名词)(杯子里有些水)
否定句 Is there any water in the cup?(杯子里有水吗?)
肯定回答:Yes, there is.
否定回答: No, there isn’t.
否定形式
(一)There be 句型的否定:
在be后面加not即可,is