Unit8讲义 2023-2024学年人教版七年级英语下册

Unit8 【语法】there be 结构 1、 构成： There be ...句型表示的是 “某处有(存在)某人或某物”，其结构为 There be（is，are， was, were )+名词+地点状语。There are fifty-two students in our class. There is a pencil in my pencil-case. 2、 用法: 1.否定句： 在 be 后加上“not”,也可用“no”来表示。即：no + n.（名词）= not a\an\any + n. （名词） There is an orange in her bag. →There isn’t an orange in her bag. →There is no orange in her bag. There are some oranges in her bag. →There aren’t any oranges in her bag. →There are no oranges in her bag. There is some juice in the bottle. →There isn’t any juice in the bottle. →There is no juice in the bottle. 1. 一般疑问句： There be 结构的一般疑问句变化只需把 be 动词移到句首，再在句尾加上问号即可。 There is some money in her handbag.→ Is there any money in her handbag? (疑问句和否定句中，some 改为 any, something 改为 anything.) There is something new in today’s newspaper. →Is there anything new in today’s newspaper? 2. 特殊疑问句： There be 句型的特殊疑问句有以下三种形式 ① 对主语提问：当主语是人时，用 “Who’s + 介词短语?”；当主语是物时，用 “What’s + 介词短语?”。其中 there 在口语中常常省略。注意：无论原句的主语是单数 还是复数，对其提问时一般都用 be 的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如： There is a bird in the tree. →What’s in the tree? There are some bikes over there. →What’s over there? There is a little girl in the room. →Who is in the room? ② 对地点状语提问：用 “Where is \ are + 主语?”表示（注意其答语变化）： There is a computer in my office. → Where is the computer? ----It’s in my office. There are four children in the classroom. →Where are the four children? --They’ re in the classroom. ③ 对数量提问：一般有两种提问方式： 如果主语是可数名词，无论是单数还是复数，都用“How many +可数名词复数 + are there + 介词短语？”表示： There are twelve months in a year. →How many months are there in a year? There is only one book in my bag. → How many books are there in your bag? There is a cat in the box. → How many cats are there in the box? 如果主语是不可数名词，则用“ How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语？” 表示： There is some money in my purse. → How much money is there in your purse? 3. 反意疑问句： There be 或 There 加其它动词，其反意疑问句一律用…there? There is a beautiful girl in the garden, isn’t there? There be 句型中 be 动词的形式要和其后的主语在人称和数上保持一致。 There