内容正文:
小学英语语法|一般现在时
小学阶段四大时态
一般现在时的含义,总的来说包括两个用法:1.现阶段存在的状态;现在时刻内经常性、习惯性的动作。
【知识讲解1】动词be的一般现在时
1.概述
在英语中,常使用动词be的一般现在时谈论事实和状态。而动词be有三种形式:am, is, are。
I am from China.我来自中国。
He is 12 years old.他十二岁。
We are very happy.我们非常高兴。
2.动词be的用法
①如果主语是第一人称1时 ,动词be用am。
I am a student. 我是一名学生。
②如果主语是you,they或者名词复数(两个或两个以上的人或事物)时,动词be用are。
Are you Simon?你是西蒙吗?
They are my classmates,他们是我的同学。
Tom and Lily are good friends.汤姆和莉莉是好朋友。
③如果主语是单数名词、不可数名词或he、she、it时,动词be用is。
Mr Wu is our English teacher.吴老师是我们的英语老师。
Note:在非正式行文中,动词be与前面主语可以缩写。
I am =I'm You are = You're
We are = We're They are = They're
She is = She's He is = He's It is =It's
3.动词be的句式结构
(1)肯定句结构:主语+am( is, are) +其他。
Jane is a good girl.简是个好女孩。
I am a middle school student.我是一名中学生。
They are my aunt and uncle.他们是我的姑姑和姑父。
(2)否定句结构:主语+am (is,are)+not+其他。
I am not good at English.我不擅长英语。
He is not our Chinese teacher.他不是我们的语文老师。
They are not my classmates.他们不是我的同学。
(3)—般疑问句结构:Am( Is,Are)+主语+其他?
肯定回答:Yes,主语+be.
否定回答:No,主语+be +not.
Are you in Grade 7?你在七年级吗?
Yes, I am./No,I’m not.是的,我在。/不,我不在。
—ls Tom your classmate?汤姆是你的同学吗?
Yes,he is./No,he isn't.是的,他是。/不,他不是。
Are they good friends?他们是好朋友吗?
Yes,they are./No,theyare not.是的,他们是。/不,他们不是。
动词be的用法口诀
我用am,你用are,is用于他/她/它;
单数名词用is,复数全部都用are;
变否定,很容易,be后not莫忘记;
变疑问,be提前,句末问号莫丢弃;
否定疑问任你变,句首大写莫迟疑。
Note:①动词be要与主语保持一致。
注意:
①动词be要和主语保持一致
The little dog is very cute.这只小狗很可爱。
These apples are big and red.这些苹果又大又红。
②在非正式行文中,动词is/are与not可以缩写。
is not = isn't are not = aren't
She isn't tall.她个子不高。
They aren't in the classroom.他们不在教室里。
典例
-Jim, are these your keys?
_ _____ They're hers.
A. Yes,it is B.No, it isn't
C.Yes, they are D.No, they aren't
解析:根据"They're hers."可知设空处是否定回答,再根据下文中的They're,故选D项。
【知识讲解2】行为动词的一般现在时的用法
1.概述
一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作、目前的爱好、能力等以及不受时限的客观事实。这时我们常使用行为动词。
标志词
★频度副词:often, usually, always, sometimes, never, seldom,once a week, twice a year,
★时间词组:every week/day/year/month...on Sundays,in January,in the morning等。
On Mondays/ Tuesdays/Wednesdays/Thursdays/ Friday/Sunday/SundaysI c