内容正文:
代词
➼代词
1.定义:代词是替代名词或名词短语的一种词类。
如:This is my best friend, John. He is my classmate. His house is next to my house.
这是我最好的朋友John,他是我的同班同学。他的房子紧靠着我的家。
2.分类:
人称代词
I,you,he,she,it,we,you,they
物主代词
my,your,his,her,its,our,your,their...
反身代词
myself, yourself, himself...
指示代词
this,that,these,those,one,it
不定代词
some,any,few,little,every...
疑问代词
who,whom,whose,what,which
1、 人称代词
1.定义
人称代词是为了避免重复,用来替代前面提到的人、动物或事物的词。
2.分类
主格,宾格
3.用法
(1) 人称代词主格用作主语
人称代词的主格在句子中作主语:
a. 在陈述句中,人称代词主格位于句首(在动词之前)
b. 在疑问句中,人称代词主格位于be动词/助动词后
例如:
陈述句
He is my classmate.
他是我的同学。
一般疑问句
Are you listening to music?
你正在听音乐吗?
特殊疑问句
What is she talking about?
她在说什么?
(2) 人称代词宾格用作宾语
人称代词宾格一般放在动词或介词后,作动词或介词的宾语:
例如:
放动词后
Give me a ruler, please.
请给我一把尺。
Mr.Li teaches us English.
李老师教我们英语。
放介词后
I want to play football with you.
我想和你们一起踢足球。
My dog looks at me with love.
我的狗狗充满爱的看着我。
(3)多个人称代词同时出现的顺序
a.单数( 2 3 1 ):You, he and I should come back home now.
b.复数( 1 2 3 ):We, you and they like this film very much.
(4)特殊用法
it
可指代baby,child等不用说明性别的词
What a lovely baby! Is it a girl?
可指代心目中不太清楚的那个人
-Who is it? -It’s me.
可表示天气、距离、时间
It is going to rain.
It's five minutes’ walk from my home to school.
可用作形式主语或形式宾语
It is not easy to drive on such a rainy day.
I find it hard to learn Maths well.
she
可表示拟人,指代月亮,土地,国家,轮船,猫,鸟类等柔美可爱的东西或动物
The sun has risen, She is round and bright.
he
可指代马,狗等动物
There was a little dog there.
He was playing with his master.
在已知动物性别的情况下,则根据性别来选择she/he。
4.人称代词必背表格
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
单数
复数
单数
复数
单数
复数
主格
I
we
you
you
he
she
it
they
宾格
me
us
you
you
him
her
it
them
二、物主代词
1. 分类
物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词
2.用法
(1)形容词性物主代词
形容词性物主代词相当于形容词,在句子中做定语,后接名词。
I would like to ask you where did you find your pen?
This is my computer. Your computer is on Tom’s desk.
(2)名词性物主代词
a. 名词性物主代词相当于名词,在句中可做主语,表语和宾语等。
名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词
My car is in front of the cinema. Hers is far from here.(做主语)
These stamps are mine.(做表语)
Our ideas are dif