2024年人教版中考英语复习第十六章 定语从句 讲义

1 Diligence is the mother of success.勤奋是成功之母! 第十六章 定语从句 【学习导航】 1. 正确判断先行词。 2. 准确使用关系词。 3. 区别定语从句,宾语从句与状语从句。 【语法视窗】 定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导的修饰名词或代词的从句称为定语从句。 被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。引导定语从句的关系词有: 关系代词:who, whom, that, whose, which 关系副词:when, where, why 关系词 所修饰的先行词 在从句中所作的成分 关系代词 who 人 主语、宾语 whom 人 宾语 which 物 主语、宾语 that 人或物 主语、宾语、表语 whose 人或物 定语 关系副词 when 时间名词 时间状语 where 地点名词 地点状语 why 原因名词 原因状语 一.关系代词的用法 1. who指人, 在从句中做主语或宾语, 作宾语时可用宾格whom。 The girl who I like isn’t here now. The boy who is writing is my younger brother. 2. which指物, 不指人, 在从句中做主语或宾语, 做主语时不可省,做宾语时可省。 I like the books which my mother bought for me . His father works in a factory that/which makes cars. 3. that指人和物,在从句中做主语和宾语,做主语时不可省略, 作宾语时可省略。 Zhao Bin prefers groups that play quiet and gentle music. The coat that I put on the desk is black. 4.whose是代词所有格,常指人, 若whose指代物时, 相当于of + which。 I like the girl whose hair is very long. Please show me the book whose cover is black=Please show me the book the cover of which is black. 特别注意: ①在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中,只能用which指物, 用whom指人。 This is the room in which I once lived. This is my friend with whom I go to school every day. ②当关系代词之后有插入成分时, 只能用which, 不能用that. I have received your letter which, as I have told you, was being expected by me. ③当在非限制性定语从句(常用逗号与主句分开的定语从句)中时, 只能用which。 The house, which has a history of 500 years, is very famous. ④先行词是one, ones,those时, 用who, 不用that。 Those who work harder will get the job. One who doesn’t work hard will never succeed in his work. 二.关系副词的用法 1. where 在从句中作地点状语, 它引导的定语从句从句修饰表示地点的先行词 (通常有place, village, house, room, building, town, country等)。 This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. Keep the books in a place where you can find them easily. 2. when 在从句中作时间状语, 它引导的定语从句修饰表时间的先行词 (通常为time, day, morning, night, week, year等)。 I still remember the time when I travelled by the plane I will never forget the day when I won the prize. Do you remember the year when she went abroad. 3.why 在从句中作原因状语,它引导的定语从句修饰表示原因的先行词,常见的是reason。 Tell me the reaso