(练习)课时分层作业7 Unit 3 Careers and skills-【提分教练】2023-2024学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第四册(译林版2020)

课时分层作业(七) Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Female workers constitute the majority of the labour(劳动) force. 2．It was becoming more and more difficult to live on his salary(薪水). 3．Strong leadership(领导应有的品质) is needed to captain the team. 4．Illegal drinking clubs continue to operate(运转) in the city. 5．They went into their respective(各自的) bedrooms to pack. 6．His painstaking efforts to attain(获得) his pilot's licence is praiseworthy. 7．Workmen were hired(雇用) to remodel and enlarge the farm buildings. 8．These prejudices(偏见) are particularly prevalent among people living in the North. 9．We need someone who can anticipate(预料) and respond to changes in the fashion industry. 10．Her passion(酷爱) for dancing never dimmed over the years. Ⅱ.阅读理解 A With the summer/winter vacation coming near，many kids will find ways to earn money.Babysitting，dog walking and running a lemonade stand (柠檬汁小摊位) are all popular jobs for kids.But did you know that the last one may be illegal? Recently，the state of Utah in America officially made it legal for kids to open lemonade stands or run the occasional business.You wouldn't think such a law would be necessary，but in most states，the harmless business pursuits (追求)of kids can get shut down.In 2011，Georgia police officers shut down a lemonade stand run by three little girls because they didn't have a business permit to sell food.Last year，two teens were threatened with fines from New Jersey officials because they hadn't got a permit before they went door­to­door offering to clean snow after a storm. David Roland，co­founder of the Freedom Center of Missouri，recently represented two girls in Missouri who were banned from selling cookies out of their driveway.According to David，media attention usually helps government officials see the light and let these kids get back to business.But one problem still remains: laws requiring permits and licenses that are aimed at adults are increasingly being used to shut kids down.Worse still，officials often receive complaints (投诉) from neighbors. So what can kids do to stay on the right side of the law with business ventures (冒险)? The best way is to call the local city or town office and ask if there are any regulations in place that would prevent kids from running a lemonade stand.That should give kids an idea about whether the local government is willing to work with kids to protect these occasional businesses. 【语篇解读】　越来越多的孩子利用假期打工赚钱，但他们的这一做法在很多地方被认为是非法的。那么到底孩子能不能经营自己的生意呢？ 1．Why are the examples mentioned in paragraph 2? A．To prove vacation jobs are very popular among kids. B．To tell the business pursuits of kids are restricted. C．To explain what kinds of jobs can appeal to kids. D．To show how important business regulations are. B　[推理判断题。由第二段的“in most states，the harmless business pursuits of kids can get shut down”可知，作者列举两例孩子因无经营许可证而无法做生意的情况旨在表明有些地方限制孩子做生意。] 2．What does David suggest doing to help kids get back to business? A．Making use of the power of the media. B．Regulating the use of business permits. C．Turning to government officials for help. D．Staying on the right side of kids' neighbors. A　[细节理解题。由第三段的“According to David，media attention usually helps government officials see the light and let these kids get back to business.”可知，David建议借助媒体的力量来引起政府官员的关注，让孩子可以自由进行经营。] 3．What should kids do if they want to start occasional businesses according to the last paragraph? A．Make a formal request for a business permit. B．Develop and stick to a realistic business plan. C．Have a full understanding of business ventures. D．Ask whether kids' businesses are officially permitted. D　[细节理解题。由最后一段尤其是“The best way is to call the local city or town office and ask if there are any regulations in place that would prevent kids from running a lemonade stand.”可知，要询问当地法律，看其是否允许孩子做生意。] 4．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．The law governing kids' business pursuits B．The best time for kids to do business C．Are kids' lemonade stands legal? D．Should kids take vacation jobs? C　[标题归纳题。综合全文可知，本文以孩子是否可以经营柠檬汁小摊位为例探讨了孩子是否能经营自己的生意。] B Recently it is said that a dog has received an award for picking up a number of beer cans，coffee cups，and other pieces of trash，helping clean up her neighborhood in the process.It's unclear if Daisy is aware of her service，but her help has not gone unnoticed，by any means. In fact，it is reported that this nine­year­old dog has picked up more than 5，000 pieces of rubbish.Daisy has been collecting rubbish for the last eight years，at least two times a day.Coming from the city of Worcester in the United Kingdom，Daisy has become the first dog to receive an honor from the mayor(市长).Unlike other dogs，Daisy prefers sniffing around for beer cans，among other things.She carries them back home to her owner，Judy Owens，who then takes her pet's offerings and recycles them. “I wish Daisy understood how special she was and the award just marks what a special little dog she is，” Judy said.“She started picking up rubbish when she was around a beer can and I think she discovered it by accident.” “One day she just sniffed out a beer can，then began picking it up，” she continued.“She gets very attached to rubbish，and she must think it's some kind of treasure.” Daisy has become something of a celebrity in her town，often known as the dog that helps get rid of all the rubbish.Then，the mayor invited Judy and Daisy to come to his office.“When we arrived he told us that Daisy would be receiving the award because he wanted to make people more conscious of protecting the environment and to thank her for her contributions over the years，” Judy said.“It was such a surprise...Daisy thought this was great and went to sit on the mayor's chair with a beer can in her mouth.Everyone thought she was funny and started laughing.” 【语篇解读】　本文讲述了一只名叫Daisy的小狗，八年来坚持捡垃圾受到市长嘉奖的故事。 5．Why did the dog receive the award? A．She had brought a lot of treasure to her owner. B．She had kept all the city clean for eight years. C．She had contributed a lot to getting rid of the trash. D．She had made people aware of protecting the environment. C　[细节理解题。根据第二段的“Daisy has been collecting rubbish for the last eight years，at least two times a day.”以及文章最后一段“When we arrived he told us that Daisy would be receiving the award because he wanted to make people more conscious of protecting the environment and to thank her for her contributions over the years”可知，市长授予Daisy这个奖项的原因是它一直捡垃圾，为环保做出了贡献。故选C。] 6．How did the dog probably start to pick up rubbish? A．By accident. B．By force. C．Through praise. D．Through training. A　[细节理解题。根据第三段的“I think she discovered it by accident”可知，Daisy捡垃圾是偶然开始的。故选A。] 7．How would the people in the city feel about what Daisy has been doing? A．Curious. B．Excited. C．Ashamed. D．Thankful. D　[细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Daisy has become something of a celebrity in her town，often known as the dog that helps get rid of all the rubbish.”以及“When we arrived he told us that Daisy would be receiving the award because he wanted to make people more conscious of protecting the environment and to thank her for her contributions over the years”可知，小镇的人都知道Daisy捡垃圾，并且对于Daisy对保护环境所做的一切是感谢的。故选D。] 8．What does the text mainly talk about? A．A dog owner trains her dog to pick up rubbish. B．A dog receives an award for picking up rubbish. C．A mayor gives an award to a dog in his office. D．A mayor raises people's environmental awareness. B　[主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句“Recently it is said that a dog has received an award for picking up a number of beer cans，coffee cups，and other pieces of trash，helping clean up her neighborhood in the process.”可知，本文围绕一只狗因为捡垃圾而获奖的故事展开。故选B。] Ⅲ.阅读七选五 Around 200 years ago，a well­known English poet called John Keats attacked science.He said that British scientist Isaac Newton had “unweaved (拆解) the rainbow”．Newton explained how light forms a rainbow.For Keats，this explanation meant rainbows could no longer be beautiful. 1 We often hear people talk of problems with science，or say that it is boring.Some people，like Keats，also say that science takes away the beauty of the world.But is this fair? First of all，science helps us get things done. 2 When you are studying science in school，remember that one day you might be using that knowledge to build a bridge，or save a life.Next time you use your phone to send a message，remember that this is possible thanks to science.When Keats criticized Newton，the very paper he wrote on was created through science.Beyond helping society and getting things done，science also makes us think in a certain way. 3 It teaches us never to trust our assumptions.It teaches us that sometimes，the truth is stranger than fiction. When you study science，remember what it means. 4 Humans once looked up at rainbows，and said that they were beautiful.Science explained them，and they were no longer mysterious to us. 5 Through science，we can find new rainbows: mysteries that lie beyond the stars themselves. A．But discovery never stops. B．This is just one example of many. C．It asks us to believe things only through evidence. D．Science is not so closely associated with our lives. E．It is a constant search for truth and knowledge. F．It helps us understand the world in which we live and how it works. G．See science as a tool to discover how living things interact and evolve on Earth. 【语篇解读】　文章主要讲了科学的重要性、必要性以及科学发现永无止境。 1．B　[上一段列举出了诗人攻击科学的例子。根据下文“We often hear people talk of problems with science，or say that it is boring.”可知，人们觉得用科学解释美丽的事物很无聊。该空承上启下，B选项中“This”指代上文中英国著名诗人John Keats攻击科学的例子，故选B。] 2．F　[根据上文“First of all，science helps us get things done.”该空承接上文，具体说明科学如何帮助我们做事，F选项与下文“When you are studying science in school，remember that one day you might be using that knowledge to build a bridge，or save a life.”话题一致，都是在说明科学在生活中的实际应用，故选F。] 3．C　[根据上文“Beyond helping society and getting things done，science also makes us think in a certain way.”可知，这里指出了科学让我们思考。根据下文“It teaches us never to trust our assumptions.It teaches us that sometimes，the truth is stranger than fiction.”可知，这里具体说明科学如何让我们思考，C选项切题，也是在具体说明科学如何让我们思考，且与下文句式相同，故选C。] 4．E　[根据上文“When you study science，remember what it means.”和下文“Humans once looked up at rainbows，and said that they were beautiful.Science explained them，and they were no longer mysterious to us.”可知，该空承上启下，解释科学的真谛，故选E。] 5．A　[根据下文“Through science，we can find new rainbows: mysteries that lie beyond the stars themselves.”可知，通过不断地探索，会有更多新的科学发现，即发现永无止境，故选A。] 5/7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$