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International Business Practice and Case Study
国际贸易实务
与案例分析
Chapter 5 Delivery of Goods
第5章 国际货物贸易运输
Section 1 Modes of Transport
第1节 运输方式
3
1. Ocean Marine Transport海上运输
(1)Liner Transport 班轮运输
① Characteristics of Liner Transport班轮运输的特点
A. Fixity, namely fixed routes, fixed ports of call, fixed dates and comparatively fixed rates.
B. Responsibility: Goods are subject to the loading and unloading by the liners and handling charges are already included in the freight. Liners and the consignor are free from handling charges, demurrage charges and dispatch money.
C. Liabilities, obligations and exemptions of liners and the shipper are all on the basis of the bill of lading issued by liners, In terms of goods with large transport volume and low value like grains, beans, mines and coals, the price is negotiated by both parties.
② Freight of Liners 班轮运费
Freight is the remuneration payable to the carrier for the carriage of goods. The freight paid for the carriage by a liner differs in the way of calculating from that paid under a charter party.
Freight=Fb+∑S
Fb—Basic freight
S—Surcharge
A. The Basic Standards for Calculating Freight 计算基本运费的标准
a. According to gross weight in terms of weight ton, which is indicated by “W” in the tariff. 1 M/T is to be considered as l weight ton. Heavy cargo is usually charged on this basis.
b. According to volume, i.e., measurement ton, which is indicated by “M” in the tariff. It is 40cubic feet or one cubic meter that constitutes one measurement ton. Often light cargoes are charged on this basis.
c. According to value of the cargo, i.e., a certain percentage of FOB price which is indicated by “A.V.” (Ad Valorem) in the liner freight tariff. Usually