内容正文:
第03讲 形容词和副词的比较等级
目录
考点聚焦:核心考点聚焦,有的放矢
重点速记:知识点和关键点梳理,查漏补缺
难点强化:难点内容标注与讲解,能力提升
学以致用:真题感知+提升专练,全面突破
核心考点聚焦
一、形容词、副词的比较级、最高级
(一)规则变化
1. 一般在词尾直接加er或est,如 tall—taller—tallest,long—longer—longest;
2. 以不发音的字母e结尾的单词在词尾直接加r或st,如nice—nicer—nicest;
3. 以辅音字母+y结尾的词,把y变为i,再加er或est,如heavy—heavier—heaviest;
4. 重读闭音节,末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写这个辅音字母,再加er或est,如big—bigger—biggest;
注: 大、红、湿、热、悲、瘦、胖(big/red/wet/hot/sad/thin/fat)等,双写末辅再变级。
5. 部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加more构成比较级,加most构成最高级,如beautiful—more beautiful—most beautiful;
注:表示否定意义在其前加less /least,如important—less important—least important。
Music is more interesting than Chinese. =Chinese is less interesting than Music.
6. 由 “形容词+ly”构成的副词,在其前加more/ most,如slowly—more slowly—most slowly;但要特殊记忆:early—earlier—earliest。
(二)不规则变化
原级
比较级
最高级
good/well
better
best
many/much
more
most
little
less
least
old
old / elder
old /eldest
bad/badly/ill
worse
worst
far
farther (距离)/further(程度)
farthest/furthest
下列单、双音节词只能加more和most。
原级
比较级
最高级
like(相似的)
more like
most like
real(真的)
more real
most real
tired
more tired
most tired
pleased
more pleased
most pleased
often
more often
most often
注: 形容词、副词同形的有back,high,well,fast,early,late,straight。
二、形容词、副词等级的用法
(一)原级的用法
1. 只能修饰原级的词有very,quite,so,too。
He is too tired to walk on.
My brother runs so fast that I can’t follow him.
2. 原级常用的句型结构
(1)A= B
A+ as +adj. / adv.的原级+ as +B.,表示 “A和B一样……”;
Tom is as old as Kate.
Tom runs as fast as Mike.
(2)A<B
A + not + as/so +adj. / adv.的原级+ as +B.,表示 “A不如B……”。
This room is not as/so big as that one.
He doesn’t walk as slowly as you.
(二)比较级的用法
1. 可以修饰比较级的词有much,a lot,far(……得多);a little,a bit(一点儿),even(甚至),still(仍然)。
Lesson One is much easier than Lesson Two.
Tom looks even younger than before.
2. 比较级常用的句型结构
“甲+形容词/副词的比较级+than+乙.”表示“甲比乙……”。
Tom is taller than Kate.
I got up earlier than my mother this morning.
(三)最高级的用法
1. the +最高级+ of +人或物( in +地点)
He is the tallest of all the boys.
He works hardest in his class.