Chapter 7.2（课件）- 《统计学基础（英文版）》同步教学（人民大学版）

Chapter Hypothesis Testing with One Sample 7 1 Copyright 2019, 2015, 2012, Pearson Education, Inc. 1 Larson/Farber 6th ed Chapter 1 Chapter Outline 7.1 Introduction to Hypothesis Testing 7.2 Hypothesis Testing for the Mean ( Known) 7.3 Hypothesis Testing for the Mean ( Unknown) 7.4 Hypothesis Testing for Proportions 7.5 Hypothesis Testing for Variance and Standard Deviation . 1 Copyright 2019, 2015, 2012, Pearson Education, Inc. Section 7.2 Hypothesis Testing for the Mean ( Known) . 3 of 101 1 Copyright 2019, 2015, 2012, Pearson Education, Inc. Section 7.2 Objectives How to find and interpret P-values How to use P-values for a z-test for a mean μ when  is known How to find critical values and rejection regions in the standard normal distribution How to use rejection regions for a z-test for a mean μ when  is known . 1 Copyright 2019, 2015, 2012, Pearson Education, Inc. Using P-values to Make a Decision Decision Rule Based on P-value To use a P-value to make a conclusion in a hypothesis test, compare the P-value with . If P  , then reject H0. If P > , then fail to reject H0. . 1 Copyright 2019, 2015, 2012, Pearson Education, Inc. 5 Example: Interpreting a P-value The P-value for a hypothesis test is P = 0.0237. What is your decision if the level of significance is  = 0.05?  = 0.01? Solution: Because 0.0237 < 0.05, you should reject the null hypothesis. Solution: Because 0.0237 > 0.01, you should fail to reject the null hypothesis. . 1 Copyright 2019, 2015, 2012, Pearson Education, Inc. 6 Finding the P-value for a Hypothesis Test After determining the hypothesis test’s standardized test statistic and the test statistic’s corresponding area, do one of the following to find the P-value. For a left-tailed test, P = (Area in left tail). For a right-tailed test, P = (Area in right tail). For a two-tailed test, P = 2(Area in tail of standardized test statistic). . 1 Copyright 2019, 2015, 2012, Pearson Education, Inc. 7 Example: Finding the P-valu