Chapter 7.1（课件）- 《统计学基础（英文版）》同步教学（人民大学版）

Chapter Hypothesis Testing with One Sample 7 1 Copyright 2019, 2015, 2012, Pearson Education, Inc. 1 Larson/Farber 6th ed Chapter 1 Chapter Outline 7.1 Introduction to Hypothesis Testing 7.2 Hypothesis Testing for the Mean ( Known) 7.3 Hypothesis Testing for the Mean ( Unknown) 7.4 Hypothesis Testing for Proportions 7.5 Hypothesis Testing for Variance and Standard Deviation . 1 Copyright 2019, 2015, 2012, Pearson Education, Inc. Section 7.1 Introduction to Hypothesis Testing . 1 Copyright 2019, 2015, 2012, Pearson Education, Inc. Section 7.1 Objectives A practical introduction to hypothesis tests How to state a null hypothesis and an alternative hypothesis How to Identify type I and type II errors and interpret the level of significance How to know whether to use a one-tailed or two-tailed statistical test and find a P-value How to make and interpret a decision based on the results of a statistical test How to write a claim for a hypothesis test . 1 Copyright 2019, 2015, 2012, Pearson Education, Inc. Hypothesis Tests Hypothesis test A process that uses sample statistics to test a claim about the value of a population parameter. For example: Consider a manufacturer that advertises its new hybrid car has a mean gas mileage of 50 miles per gallon. If you suspect that the mean mileage is not 50 miles per gallon, how could you show that the advertisement is false? . 1 Copyright 2019, 2015, 2012, Pearson Education, Inc. 5 Hypothesis Tests Statistical hypothesis A statement about a population parameter. Carefully state a pair of hypotheses one that represents the claim the other, its complement When one of these hypotheses is false, the other must be true. Either hypothesis—the null hypothesis or the alternative hypothesis—may represent the original claim. . 1 Copyright 2019, 2015, 2012, Pearson Education, Inc. A null hypothesis H0 is a statistical hypothesis that contains a statement of equality, such as , =, or . The alternative hypothesis Ha is t