Chapter 1.3（课件）- 《统计学基础（英文版）》同步教学（人民大学版）

Chapter Introduction to Statistics 1 1 Copyright 2019, 2015, 2012, Pearson Education, Inc. 1 Larson/Farber 6th ed Chapter 1 Chapter Outline 1.1 An Overview of Statistics 1.2 Data Classification 1.3 Data Collection and Experimental Design 1 Copyright 2019, 2015, 2012, Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 1 Larson/Farber 6th ed 2 Section 1.3 Data Collection and Experimental Design 3 of 61 1 Copyright 2019, 2015, 2012, Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 1 Larson/Farber 6th ed 3 Section 1.3 Objectives How to design a statistical study and how to distinguish between an observational study and an experiment How to collect data by using a survey or a simulation How to design an experiment How to create a sample using random sampling, simple random sampling, stratified sampling, cluster sampling, and systematic sampling and how to identify a biased sample 1 Copyright 2019, 2015, 2012, Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 1 Larson/Farber 6th ed 4 Designing a Statistical Study Collect the data. Describe the data using descriptive statistics techniques. Interpret the data and make decisions about the population using inferential statistics. Identify any possible errors. Identify the variable(s) of interest (the focus) and the population of the study. Develop a detailed plan for collecting data. If you use a sample, make sure the sample is representative of the population. 1 Copyright 2019, 2015, 2012, Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 1 Larson/Farber 6th ed 5 Data Collection Observational study A researcher observes and measures characteristics of interest of part of a population. Researchers measured the amount of time people spent doing various activities, such as paid work, childcare, and socializing. (Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics) 1 Copyright 2019, 2015, 2012, Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 1 Larson/Farber 6th ed 6 Data Collection Experiment A treatment is applied to part of a population, called a treatment group, and responses are observed. Another part of the populat