专题10 新课学习必修第三册Unit1（语法学习&写作过关）-【寒假自学课】2024年高一英语寒假提升学与练（人教版2019）

第11讲 新课学习必修第三册Unit1（语法学习&写作过关） 目录 语法导航：学习语法知识 写作导航：单元写作记忆 小试牛刀：词句精练+能力提升 V-ing做定语和表语 非谓语：1. to do (表目的和将来） 2. doing (v-ing)(表主动和正在进行）：现在分词、动名词 3. done（v-ed）(表被动和完成） 动词-ing形式由“动词原形 + ing”构成。动词-ing形式可在句中作主语，宾语，表语，定语，宾语补足语和状语，但是不能单独作谓语。 一．V-ing 做表语 1. 现在分词做表语 (1) The argument is very convincing． (2) . They were very shocked at the news. 分词作表语，多表示主语具有的特征和状态。 现在分词（doing）作表语，多表示主语具有的特征，常译为令人……; 过去分词作表语(done)，多表示主语具有的状态，常译为感到……。 2. 动名词做表语 （1）. Seeing is believing. （2）. Her job is cleaning the windows of that high building. 动名词作表语与主语通常是对等的关系，表示主语的内容，主语、表语可互换位置。 V-ing 做现在分词和动名词的区别：现在分词说明主语的特征；动名词说明主语的内容。因此，动名词作表语可以和主语互换位置，而现在分词不可以作主语。 即学即练 单句语法填空 ①It is (amaze) that the boy is able to solve the problem so quickly. ②Buying a car is simply (waste) money. ③Please stop making the noise—it’s getting (annoy)． 完成句子 ④Our job is .我们的工作就是演奏各种音乐。 二．V-ing 做定语 1.V-ing作前置定语——相当于形容词 动词ing形式作定语的意义 1　 动名词作定语表示名词的性质、特征或用途。 2　 现在分词作定语表示名词的状态：进行、主动。 2.V-ing做后置定语 现在分词（doing）短语作定语时，通常做后置定语，其作用相当于定语从句。 总结： 1. -ing形式作定语： 1 单个动词的-ing形式作定语, 位于被修饰名词的前面,相当于形容词，表示被修饰者的作用和功能，被修饰者的性质和用途，被修饰者正在进行的动作。 2 -ing形式短语作定语，相当于一个定语从句。 2. -ing形式作表语：可分为现在分词和动名词 现在分词可看做形容词，翻译为“使人……的” 即学即练 一．单句语法填空 ①When we got a call (say) she was short-listed, we thought it was a joke. ②The park was full of people, (enjoy) themselves in the sunshine. ③A warm drink of milk before bed has long been the best choice for those (want) a good night’s sleep. 二．句型转换 ④The taxi that took us to the airport broke down. →The taxi __ __ us to the airport broke down. ⑤The problem that is being discussed is about food safety. →The problem __ _ is about food safety. ⑥The student stayed in the room used for reading for an hour. →The student stayed _ __ for an hour. ⑦That was an experience that frightened everyone. →That was __ _. 三．用所给动词的适当形式填空 1．Entering