内容正文:
八年级英语上册
重点知识点解析
一、一般过去时
(一)定义:表示过去某个时间存在的状态或发生的动作;也可表示过去一段时间内经常发生的动作或反复的习惯
(二)构成:
1.含有be动词
(1)肯定句:主语 + be动词 + 其它
Eg: She was born in Beijing in 2000.
她2000年出生于北京。
(2)否定句:主语 + be动词 + not + 其它
Eg: She was not born in Beijing in 2000.
(3)一般疑问句:be动词 + 主语 + 其它
肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + was/were.
否定回答:No, 主语 + wasn’t/ weren’t.
Eg: Was she born in Beijing in 2000?
肯定回答:Yes, she was.
否定回答:No, she wasn’t.
(4)特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + 其它?
Eg: Where was she born?
2.不含be动词
(1)肯定句:主语 + 动词过去式 + 其它
Eg: She arrived Beijing yesterday.
(2)否定句:主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 + 其它
Eg: She didn’t arrive Beijing yesterday.
(3)一般疑问句:Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其它
肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + did.
否定回答:No, 主语 + didn’t.
Eg: Did she arrive Beijing yesterday?
肯定回答:Yes, she did.
否定回答:No, she didn’t.
(4)特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 + did + 主语 + 其它?
Eg: When did she arrive Beijing?
(三)时间标志词:-- ago系列two years ago(两年前);last -- 系列last year(去年);yesterday系列yesterday morning(昨天上午);the day before yesterday(昨天);one -- 系列one morning(某个早上);that -- 系列that morning(那个上午);just now(刚刚);in the past(过去);at that time(那时);in + 过去时间。
(四)动词过去式变化
1.动词过去式规则变化
(1)一般在动词后加-ed
Eg: play -- played;
(2)以不发音字母e结尾的动词后,加-d
Eg: hate -- hated;
(3)在以“辅音 + y”结尾的动词后,将y改为i,再加ed
Eg: study -- studied;
(4)在重读闭音节中(只有一个元音,元音后只有一个辅音),双写结尾字母,再加ed
Eg: stop -- stopped
2.不规则变化:请参考教材后面动词不规则变化表格
(五)实际操练
1.We had (have) a party last night.
[解析]该句末尾有时间标志词last night,故谓语动词需要用动词过去式had。
2.They were (be) in Beijing in 2000.
[解析]该句词尾有时间标志词in 2000,谓语动词要用be动词过去式were
3.The boy didn’t go (not go) to bed until his mother came back.
[解析]根据句意可判断句子需用一般过去时且不含be动词,因此在变为否定句时需要用助动词didn't
4.She bought this car two years ago.(改为一般疑问句)
Did she buy this car two years ago?
[解析]该句中无be动词,故变为疑问句时,需要用助动词did,且动词需要变回原形。
5.She read this book last night.(就划线部分提问)
What did she do last night?
[解析]该句就动作提问,故用what开头,后面的疑问句用助动词did和动词原形do来代替动作。
二、Little、a little、few、a few区别
(一) Little “几乎没有”表否定意义,常用来修饰不可数名词
A little “还有一点”表肯定意义,常用来修饰不可数名词
Few “几乎没有”表否定意义,常用来修饰可数名词复数
A few “还有一点”表肯定意义,常用来修饰可数名词复数
(二)实际操练:
用little、a little、few、a few填空
1.We hav