内容正文:
分词做状语
Unit 8
Role Models of the Times
基础模块 3
CONTENTS
01.
分词
02.
分词做定语
03.
04.
状语从句
分词做状语
05.
练习
一、 分词
现在分词( doing ) 和 过去分词(done),是一种非谓语动词 形式。
区别:现在分词表示“主动和进行”,
过去分词表示“被动和完成”
(不及物动词的过去分词不表示被动,只表示完成)。
分词具有形容词和副词的特征,在句子中可以作定语,状语,可以有自己的状语、宾语 或逻辑主语等。
The boy punished by his mother(被动) had to sweep the fallen(完成)leaves on a windy day.
二、分词做定语
现在分词作定语表示正在进行,过去分词作定语表示已完成。
boiling water 正在沸腾的 boiled water 开水
developing countries 发展中国家
developed countries 发达国家
falling leaves 正在飘落的树叶 fallen leaves 落叶
the rising sun 冉冉升起的太阳 the risen sun 升起的太阳
a changing world 一个正在发生改变的世界
a changed world一个变了的世界
三、状语从句1.时间状语从句 when, while, as while, before, after, since, until等2.地点状语从句 where, anywhere, wherever, everywhere等3.原因状语从句 because, since, as, in that等4.结果状语从句so...that , such...that等5.目的状语从句so that, in order that等6.条件状语从句 if, unless, in case that等7.让步状语从句 though, although, even if, even though等8.方式状语从句 as, as if, how. the way等9.比较状语从句as, the more...the more....等每一个句子都要满足
1.句子要完整 2 陈述语序 3 时态一致
四、分词做状语
1 状语就是动作发生的时间,地点,原因,伴随等部分。状语由副词、介词短语、分词和从句等来充当。当从句主语和主句主语一致时,状语从句可以省略为分词形式的状语。
⑴省略从句中的引导词/连词、主语和助动词(do/did省略,have不能省略,be可省略可不省略),将从句的谓语动词变为分词形式。
(2)判断主语和从句谓语动词关系:若是主动、进行的动作用现在分词,若是被动的动作用过去分词
分词作状语 位置灵活、修饰整个句子或动词
2.现在分词作状语 (一般用逗号隔开) (状语找主语,主语问关系)
结构:SVO. doing / Doing. SVO
①两个动词一般同时发生,表示一边…边…
②doing的逻辑主语一定是主句的主语(逻辑主语:任何一个动作的施物者)
③doing与逻辑主语是主动关系
[注] 有时一个动作和另一个动作不是同时发生,但两个动作连贯,一气呵成
(1)他常常坐在那里,思考着自己的未来。 He often sits there. He thinks about his future. →He often sits there, thinking about his future. (分词作状语) or: He often sits there and thinks about his future. (并列结构) or: When he sits there, he often thinks about his future. (主从复合)
(2)我去北京的时候,一心想赚点快钱。 I went to Beijing, hoping to make quick money. (现分作状语) When I went to Beijing, I hoped to make quick money. (主从复合句)
(3)我喜欢坐在茶馆里,听着音乐,喝着龙井茶。
I love to sit in the tea houses, listening to music and drinking Longjing tea. (基本同时发生)
listenin