内容正文:
unit 2 Community Life
定语从句
the attributive clause
目录 content
一、什么是从句?
二、定语从句(the attributive clause)
三、关系代词引导的定语从句
四、which 和that 指代物时的用法区别
五、练习
一、什么是从句? 1、句子有主语和谓语组成的句子就是句子。简单句只有一套主谓结构。例如: Mr. Wang teaches English in a middle school. Many trees were planted last spring.
2、英语句子的成份 英语的句子中,主语、谓语、宾语、状语、定语、宾语补足语等。
这几种成份在句子的位置大致是: (状语) + (定语)主语(定语) + (状语)谓语(状语) + (定语)宾语(宾语补足语) + (状语) 定语一般位于主语和宾语的前后;
状语一般位于谓语的前后;
及物动词后一般接宾语和宾语补足语。
状语的位置非常灵活,可以位于句首、句中、句末。
3、什么是从句 英语句中的某一成份由一个句子充当,这个充当成分的句子就叫从句。
如果定语是一个句子,它就叫定语从句;
如果宾语是一个句子,它就是宾语从句。依此类推。例如: The boy and the dog 【that are in the picture 】are very lovely. (括号中that开始的句子就是定语从句) We revisited the village 【where we had worked before.】 (括号中where引导的句子也是定语从句) He learned 【that this was a hard work (which must be finished in a week.)】 (这句里有两个从句,方括号由that引导的是宾语从句;在这个宾语从句中又包含了一个由which引导的定语从句。) 对于一个比较复杂的较长的英语句子来说,它就可能存在几个句子,即主句和担任各种成份的从句。从这个角度看,也可以说从句是句子中的句子。
含有从句的句子叫做主从复合句,简称复合句。
4、复合句的种类
二、定语从句(the attributive clause)
1.概念
在复合句中,修饰或限定一个名词或代词,主句或主句中的一部分,
在句中充当定语成分。
☆ 被定语从句限定的词是_______ ,引导定语从句的词叫做 ________ 或 _________。(关系词)
“先行词”
“关系代词”
“关系副词”
☆ 关系代词和关系副词有三大作用,即连接(连接定语从句和主句)、替代(替代前面的先行词)、成分(在定语从句中要充当一定的句子成分)。
中国是一个拥有悠久历史的国家
China is a great country .
It has a long history.
China is a great country .It has a long history .
China is a great country which has a long history.
先行词
关系词
定语从句
There is a bakery which is open from 9:00 am to 8:00 pm every day.
这有一家从上午九点营业到下午八点的面包店。
句中先行词是a bakery,关系词是which。
which is open from 9:00 am to 8:00 pm every day.
是定语从句,修饰先行词a bakery,期中关系代词which 指代先行词a bakery,在从句中充当主语。
The book is interesting.
It was written by Mo Yan.
The book it was written by Mo Yan is interesting .
which/that
He is a popular singer.
His songs are popular among young people.
He is a popular singer his songs are popular among young people.
whose
I moved into a new community.
The community is a wonderful home for evryone.
I moved into a new community
that/which is a wonderful home for evryone.
先行词