内容正文:
一般过去式专场(知识点+练习题)
一、一般过去时的定义
1、表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。
如:yesterday , last night, last week, two days ago, in 1990,just now等;
例句:I was at the zoo yesterday.
I went to bed at eleven last night.
2、表示过去经常或反复发生的动作,常和表示频率的时间状语连用。
例句:When I was a child , I often played football in the street.
My father often drove to work last year.
二、一般过去时的构成
1、在某个时间里存在的状态
主语+be的过去式(was,were)+其他。
Be的过去式的用法:was用于我(I)、他(he)、她(she)、它(it)
复数(we、you、they)全部都用were。
例句:I was at home yesterday.
We were in the gym just now .
2、在表示过去某个时间里发生的动作
主语+动词的过去式+其他。
三、动词过去式的变化规则
规则动词(Regullar Verbs) 的过去式由“动词原形+-ed”构成,具体变化有:
1) 一般的直接在词尾加-ed。如: want—wanted, work—worked, need—needed, clean—cleaned
2)以不发音的e结尾的在词尾加-d。如:like—liked, live—lived, use—used, move—
moved smile--smiled; hope--hoped.
注意:ie结尾动词,直接加d: died;tied.
3)以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,先双写结尾的辅音字母,再加-ed。如:stop—stopped, trip—tripped ;
4)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先把y变成i,再加-ed。如:study—studied, carry—carried, hurry—hurried, marry—married worried; studied.
不规则动词(Irregular Verbs)的过去式大体上归纳有以下记忆法:
1)以t结尾的词,过去式与原形相同。如:put—put, let—let, cut—cut, beat—beat
read—read must--must
2)以d结尾的词,把d变成t。如:build—built, lend—lent, send—sent, spend—spent
3)以n结尾的词,在词后加t。如:mean—meant, burn—burnt, learn—learnt
4)以ow / aw结尾的词,把ow / aw变成ew。如:blow—blew, draw—drew, know—
knew, grow—grew throw—threw(动词show除外,show—showed)
5)含有双写字母的词,将双写改为单写,在词尾加t。如:keep—kept, sleep—slept, feel—felt, smell—smelt sweep—swept
6) 含有元音字母o / i的词,将o / i变成a。如:come—came become—became sing
—sang, give—gave, sit—sat, drink—drank
7)以ought和aught结尾,且读音是〔:t〕的过去式。如:bring—brought,buy— bought,think—thought,catch—caught,teach—taught
8)把重读开音节中的i改为o,变成过去式。如:drive—drove,ride—rode,write—wrote
9)动词原形中的e改为o,如:get—got,forget—forgot
10)动词原形中的ee改为e,如:feed—fed,meet—met
11)动词原形中的eak改为oke,如:break—broke,speak—spoke
12)动词原形中的ell改为old,如:sell—sold,tell—told
13)动词原形中的an改为oo,如:stand—stood,understand—understood
14)以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式。如:can—could,shall—should,will—would
15)在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式,并