虚拟语气复习课件-2024届高三英语一轮复习

虚拟语气 The Subjunctive Mood 定义 1）虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。虚拟语气在条件句中应用比较多。 2）条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。 真实条件句用于陈述语气，假设的情况有可能发生。（主将从现） 例如：If he comes, he will bring his violin. 如果他来，会带小提琴来的。 考点一 虚拟语气在条件状语中的使用 一，if 引导的非真实条件句 if条件句 从句的谓语形式 主句的谓语形式 表示现在 动词过去式(be的过去式用were) should/would/could/might＋动词原形 表示过去 had＋过去分词 should/would/could/might＋have＋过去分词 表示将来 should＋动词原形 should/would/could/might＋动词原形 二，错综条件句 主句与从句动词发生时间不一致，动词形式要根据发生时间作出相应调整 If it had rained last night（过去）, it would be very cold today （现在）.如果昨晚下过雨，今天就会很冷了。 三，if省略句 含有had/were/should的虚拟条件句中省略if，将had/were/should放在主语之前 Had you come earlier, you would have met him. =If you had come earlier, you would have met him.你来得早一点，就碰到他了。 四，含蓄条件句 假设条件隐含在词或短语或上下文，有：without, in case,but for, otherwise等 即时演练 1.Why didn't you tell me about your trouble last week? If you________ (tell) me, I could have helped. 2.If he________________ (be) here this afternoon I would go with him. 3.We took a taxi to the lecture hall. Otherwise we ______ (be) late for the meeting. 4.If we ______ (book) a table earlier, we wouldn’t be standing here in a queue. 5.You’ve made lots of mistakes in the exam, many of which could have been avoided if you ________ (be) more careful. 6.______ they here now, they could help us. 他们现在在的话，就会帮助我们了。 had told should be/were/were to be would have been had booked had been Were 考点二 虚拟语气在名词性从句中的使用 一，Wish/if only/as if后的从句中 【注】as if 表真实事实或者极大可能性，用陈述语气 条件 从句谓语动词 从句谓语与主句谓语同时发生 过去式（be动词用were） 从句谓语先于主句谓语发生 had done 从句谓语后于主句谓语发生 would/could/might +动词原形 二，Would rather +that 从句中 宁愿... 条件 从句谓语动词 现在或者将来的虚拟 过去式（be动词用were） 过去的虚拟 had done 三，It is (high) time+that从句中, 从句谓语动词：did/should +动词原形 四，It is adj +that从句中(necessary/important/vital/surprising/strange/natural..) 从句谓语动词:（should）+动词原形 宾语从句 表命令/建议/请求/要求（动词）+从句【注】suggest/insist+陈述语气区别 一坚持insist 两命令order/command 四建议advise/suggest/propose/recommend 五要求require/request/demand/desire/urge 表从&同从 表命令/