Unit 5讲义 2023-2024学年人教版英语九年级全册

九年级Unit 5 1. 被动语态 （1）结构：be done 主动变被动被动 We speak English. English is spoken by us.(by us可省略） （2）用法 Such books are written by children.(不知道或者没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁） A large number of engineers are sent to Africa (by our government) to help people there every year.（谈话中心是动作的承受者） Waste paper shouldn’t be thrown everywhere. （由于某种原因，不愿或回避谈论动作的执行者） I wonder if I was allowed to introduce myself?（为了礼貌起见而避免提及动作的执行者） （3） 注意事项 ①there be句式、不及物动词无被动语态 ②动词短语变为被动语态时应将其视为一个整体，不能随意拆开或省略。 The doctor looks over the patient carefully. =The patient is looked over carefully by the doctor. ③主动句中的宾语是反身代词时，不能变为被动语态。 He taught himself English. ④系表结构的句子没有被动语态 He looks sad. ⑤使役动词（let, have, make等）和感官动词（see，hear，watch，notice等）在主动语态中使用不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，但变为被动语态时，to不能省略。 I heard Lin Tao sing English songs. =Lin Tao was heard to sing English songs by me. ⑥主动语态中含双宾语（直接宾语和间接宾语），可把表示人的间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，也可把表示物的直接宾语变为被动语态的主语，此时间接宾语前要加介词for或to She often shows me her photos. =I am often showed her photos by her. =Her photos are often showed to me by her. 2. be made of、be made from、be made in、be made into、be made with be made of 由……制成 （从成品中不能看出原材料） The ring is made of silver. be made from 由……制成 （从成品中不能看出原材料） Wine can be made from grapes. be made in 在某地制造；在某年制造 The ring was made in Thailand. be made into 被制成……；被转变为 The fruit can be made into jam. be made with 用……制作 The dish should be made with cream, but many restaurants cheat.这道菜应该用奶油，但许多餐馆偷工减料。 be made by 被……制作制造 The paper cutting is made by my grandmother. 3. produce、plant、grow、make produce 指农作物成产量化地“出产”，或自然地“生长出，长出；结出（果实）” The trees can produce very good apples. plant 侧重“栽种；播种”这一行为，指把种子和秧苗栽种到土壤里使之成长。 How many trees have you planted this year? grow 表示”种植，使生长“，着重指种植以后的栽培、生长过程 These plants grow from seeds. make 作动词意为“制造”时，一般可以与produce相互换用，但不能表示通过种植而获得产品。 The factory makes/produces cars. 4. be know for、be known as be known for 因……而出名 后接名词或动名词，表示出名的原因 Hangzhou is known for the West Lake. be known as 作为……而出名 后接表示身