专题03 期末必考核心语法二：动词五种基本句型与过去进行时精讲练100道-2023-2024学年八年级上学期期末考点大串讲（牛津译林版）

专题03期末必考核心语法二： 动词五种基本句型与现在进行时精讲练100道 考试时间：50分钟；满分：120分 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 考点精讲 过去进行时 （一）定义： 过去进行时，是表示过去某个具体时刻正在进行的事情或动作。 （2） 结构：was/were +doing (现在分词） 否定式：was / were not + doing was not = wasn’t were not = weren’t 疑问句：将 was / were 调到主语前，结构为：Was/Were+主语+verb-ing? 回答：Yes, 主语+was/were. No, 主语+ was not/wasn’t. were not/weren’t. （三）用法 1. 常用的时间状语this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while例如： ①What were you doing at nine last night? 昨晚九点的时候，你在做什么？ ②I was watching TV at home at 3:00 yesterday afternoon. 我昨天下午三点正在家里看电视。 ③They were playing football at this time yesterday.昨天这个时候他们在踢足球。 2. 过去进行时可以表示在过去某个时间点发生的事情。时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。 ①From 1983 to 1998 , he was teaching at Yale . 从1983到1998年，他正在耶鲁大学教书。 ②They were building a bridge last winter . 去年冬天他们正在造一座桥。 ③He was writing a book those days. 那几天他正在写一本书。 while\when\as 1. when, while 和 as 这三个词都有“当………时候”的意思。引导时间状语从句。 ① when + 短动词或长动词 ② as + 短动词或长动词 ③ while + 长动词(be动词也是长动词） 2. when 和 as 既可以指某一点时间，也可以指某一段时间，其从句谓语动词表示的动作既可以是瞬间性的，也可以是延续性的；while指一段时间，从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性的。 ①I was playing computer games when my father got home. = When my father got home, I was playing computer games. ② Mother was cooking while I was doing my homework. = While I was doing my homework, mother was cooking. 3.as还有一种特殊用法，用于两个平行结构。表示：一个主语同时进行两个动作；一种状态随另一种状态的变化而变化.（意为：①一边做……一边做…… ②随着……） ① He sang as he worked. 他边工作边唱歌。 ② As he grew older，he became more confident. 随着年龄的增长他变得更加自信。 4.when/while+ doing sth. ★ Jim found a dead cat when entering the room. ★Jim heard a loud shout while doing his homework at nine last night. 五种基本句型 1. 句型 一：主谓结构 （谓语动词是不及物动词vi. S+V） 动词分及物动词和不及物动词： 谓语动词都能表达完整的意思,这类动词叫做不及物动词 不及物动词: sleep睡觉 walk步行 swim 游泳 happen发生come来 work 工作 laugh 笑 如：1. We come. 2. The sun rises. 3. He runs in the park. 注意 有些不及物动词后面加上介词就可把它看成一个及物动词，后面就可以加宾语了。 You must l