【中职英语】专题 08 动词语态 -【中职专用】中职高考英语二轮复习专项突破（河北专用）

►专题08 动词语态用法梳理 定义 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过助动词be的变化表现出来的。 I write the book.我写的这本书。(主动语态) The book is written by me.这本书是被我写的。(被动语态) They are building the bridge.他们正在建这座桥。(主动语态) Look, the new bridge is being built.看,这座新桥正在被建。(被动语态) 高考考点 高考要求掌握的被动语态的时态结构 知识点梳理 　1.被动语态的时态结构　 一般现在时为“am/is/are + done”: These books are written by Mo Yan. 一般过去时为“was/were +done”: The boy was killed last night. 一般将来时为“will/shall be +done”: A new school will be built there. 过去将来时为“would/should be + done”: He said that he would be sent to that factory. 现在进行时为“am/is/are +being + done”: Look, the room is being painted. 过去进行时为“was/were +being+ done”: A letter was being written this time yesterday. 现在完成时为“have/has +been +done”: So far two thirds of the job has been finished. 过去完成时为“had +been +dome”: We had been taught English before he came. “情态动词+be+done”: The old man must be sent to the hospital now. “情态动词+have +be+done”: You must have finished your homework last night. 小试牛刀1 把下列句子变成被动语态。 1. He will write a book. ________________________ 2. He broke the window yesterday. ___________________________________ 3. We can finish our homework soon. __________________________________ 4. They have sold out all the flowers. _________________________________ 2.被动语态的特殊情况。 特殊情况1：下列动词变被动语态时，不定式需加上 to。 5看: look at、see、watch、observe和 notice; 3“使”: let、make 和 have; 2“听”: hear 和 listen to; 1“感觉”: feel。 His mother makes him do his homework.他母亲让他做作业。 He was made to do his homework.他被要求去做作业。 I saw him play football.我看见他踢足球。 He was seen to play football.他被看见踢足球。 I allow them to come in.我允许他们进来。 They are allowed to come in.他们被允许进来。 特殊情况2：下列动词用主动来表示被动。 ①3个发生:happen、take place 和 break out;2个证明:prove to be 和turn out to be;1个属于: belong to;由······组成;consist of;持续: last for, 实现come true;握手 shake hands with;遭受 suffer from;互相 each other。 The war happened in 1937.战争发生在1937年。 My dream came true at last.我的梦想最终实现了。 The group consists of 10 persons.这个团队由十个人组成。 It proved to be right