内容正文:
英 语
第二部分 语法专项突破
第3课时 代词
考点一 人称代词、物主代词、反身代词的分类及用法
词性
分类 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词
主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性
第一人称 单数 I me my mine myself
复数 we us our ours ourselves
第二人称 单数 you you your yours yourself
复数 you you your yours yourselves
词性
分类 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词
主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性
第三人称 单数 he him his his himself
she her her hers herself
it it its its itself
复数 they them their theirs Themselves
作用 主语 宾语、表语 定语 主语、表语、宾语 宾语、表语、同位语
巧学妙记:
1.人称代词的用法口诀
人称代词分两格,主格宾格来分说;
主格定把主语作,宾格作宾不会错。
如:He teaches us English.
2.物主代词用法口诀
物主代词两类型,形容词性、名词性。
形容词性作定语,后面定把名词用。
名词性,独立用,主宾表语它都充。
说明:
(1)形容词性物主代词具有形容词的特性,在句中用作定语,后面必须接名词。如:
Our teacher is a young woman.
(2)名词性物主代词应独立使用,后面不跟名词。相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”。它在句中可作主语、宾语或表语。如:
Her English is better than mine.(mine=my English)
3.反身代词的用法口诀
反身代词表自身,句中可作两成分;
表示强调同位语,宾语动作回自身。
如:
(1)We ourselves will build the factory.(ourselves作we的同位语,起强调作用。)
(2)He teaches himself English.(himself作teach的宾语,表示是动作的执行者也是承受者。)
考点二 指示代词
单数 复数 用法1 用法2
this these 近指:This is my book.
This is Tom speaking. 指下文将要提及的事。如:Please remember these,“No pains,no gains.”
that those 远指:That is her bike.
Is that Jim speaking? 指前面刚刚提过的事。如:He was ill.That was why he didn’t go to school.
特别提醒:
it,one,that 作代词的区别:
it特指上下文提到的同类同物。如:The book is mine.It’s very interesting.
one泛指上下文提及的同类事物中的一份子。如: I have some apples.You can have one.
that常用于比较结构中,代替前面提到的名词,以免重复。如:The weather in Moscow is colder than that in Beijing.
考点三 疑问代词和连接代词的分类
用法 主格 宾格 所有格
指人 who whom whose
指物 what whose
指人或物 which whose
巧学妙记:
疑问代词用法歌诀
疑问代词分三格,主格、宾格、所有格。
主、宾、表、定皆可作,指人、指物要把握。
特别提醒:
1.在口语中,常用who来代替whom,但其前有介词时,仍需用whom。如:
About whom did they talk just now?即Who did they talk about just now?
2.what 指不定数目中的“什么”,选择余地大,甚至无限。有时也指一定数目中的“什么”。 which指一定数目中的“哪一个”,有一定的选择范围。试比较:
What would you like to eat?
Which do you like better,Chinese or English?
考点四 表示“ 一些、许多”的不定代词的用法
用法 词或词组 举例
只修饰可数名词 many Many students are reading English.
a great/large number of A great number of students are planting trees over there.
a f