高中语法精讲 句子和句子成分2 课件 2023届高考英语一轮复习

句子和句子成分 (2) 高中英语语法精讲 A simple sentence has one clause. 简单句只有一个分句。 Clauses usually consist of a noun group as the subject, and a verb group. 分句通常由作主语的名词词组和作谓语的动词词组两部分组成。 He ate an apple. 英语句子结构和成分是高中英语教学的重要内容，是理解文章的基础，广泛运用于阅读理解，完形填空，语法填空和写作中。分析近年高考可知，长难句的比重日益增加，掌握词类、句子成分和结构，可以读懂文意，并理解长难句之间的逻辑关系，同时也有助于句型的记忆。 句子主要成分：主语+谓语 Clauses can also have another noun group as the object or complement. 分句也可以有另一个名词词组作宾语或补足语。 Clauses can have an adverbial, also called an adjunct. 分句还可以有状语，也称附属成分。 Changing the order of the words in a clause can change its meaning. 改变分句中的词的顺序，就会改变分句的意义。 注意：句型的形成遵循组合原则和聚合原则，第一要符合语法顺序，第二要符合词性或词类统一。 I bought a computer yesterday.(正确) I yesterday a computer bought.(语法顺序错误) I bought a computer.（正确） The dog bought a computer.(词类使用错误) Beautiful bought a computer.(词性使用错误) Compound sentences consist of two or more main clauses. 并列复合句由两个或两个以上主句构成。 Complex sentences always include a subordinate clause, as well as one or more main clauses. 主从复合句通常包含一个分句和一个或一个以上主句。 A simple sentence has one clause, beginning with a noun group called the subject. The subject is the person or thing that the sentence is about. This is followed by a verb group, which tells you what the subject is doing, or describes the subject's situation. 简单句是含有一个分句的句子，以作主语的名词词组开头。 主语是句子所关涉的人或事物，其后加动词词组。动词词组通常表示主语的行为或描述主语的情形。 He left． 他离开了。 The girl is screaming. 那个女孩正在尖声喊叫。 The verb group may be followed by another noun group, which is called the object. The object is the person or thing affected by the action or situation. 动词词组可以后接另一个名词词组，即所谓的宾语。宾语是动作行为或情形所涉及的人或事物。 She cleaned the rooom.她打扫了房间。 He had a big breakfast.他吃了丰盛的早餐。 After link verbs like"be, "become, feel, and "seem, the verb group may be followed by a noun group or an adjective, called a complement, The complement tells you more about the subject 在＂be＂、＂become＂、＂feel＂和“seem”等系动词之后，动词词组可以后接名词词组或形容词，即所谓的主语补足语。 补足语用以提供主语的更多信息 He was a driver.他以前是一名司机。 The boy is sad.这个男孩儿很伤心。 The verb group, the object, or the complement can be fol