Unit 2 Be sporty, be healthy Grammar and usage（I）讲义 -2023-2024学年高中英语牛津译林版（2020）必修第二册

Unit 2 Be sporty,be healthy Grammar and usage (I) I. 现在进行时的被动语态的用法 （1）表示说话时正在进行的被动动作。句中常有now，at the moment等时间状语。 The topic is being discussed by them at the moment. 他们此刻正在讨论这个话题。 He is now being treated in China. 现在，他正在中国接受治疗。 （2）表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作（说话时不一定在进行）。 These animals are being hunted at such a high speed that they will disappear soon. 这些动物被猎杀的速度如此之快，它们很快就会消失。 （3）表示一种习惯的被动行为，常与always，constantly，often 等词连用，含有赞赏、羡慕、讨厌等感情色彩。 I feel very surprised that the window of our classroom is often being broken. 我感到非常吃惊的是我们教室的窗户经常被打破。 Tom is always being praised by the teacher.汤姆总是被老师表扬。 （4）与某些情态动词连用，表示对正在发生的动作的推测。 Jim may be being interviewed by the reporters at the very moment. 吉姆此刻可能正在接受记者的采访。 —Do you know what Mr Smith is doing?你知道史密斯先生正在做什么吗？ —He is ill. He may be being examined by the doctor. 他病了。他可能正在接受医生的检查。 现在完成时的被动语态的用法 （1）表示被动的动作在说话之前已经完成，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果，通常与already，yet，never，recently等副词及时间状语so far，by now，up till now，since等连用。 The room has already been cleaned. 这个房间已经被打扫干净了。（现在已经不用打扫房间了） The doctor hasn't been sent for yet. 还没有派人去请医生。（现在应派人去请医生） （2）表示一个被动的动作或状态从过去开始一直持续到现在，并可能继续持续下去，常与for或since等引出的时间状语（从句）连用，或用于how long引出的句子中。 The machine has been repaired for two hours.机器已经被修两个小时了。（可能还会继续） How long has the project been carried out?这项工程已经实施多长时间了？（可能还会继续） （3）用在时间状语从句中，表示将来某时已经完成的动作。 We'll start as soon as the work has been finished.这份工作一完成我们就立即动身。 四．当堂训练 1．It is said that a plane______________(fly) by Harry to France at eight next Sunday morning. 2．Paper money_________(use) for over a thousand years. 3．This is one of the farthest places that ______ (explore) so far in that country. 4．My grandpa’s quality of life ________ (improve) dramatically since the operation. 5．Up to now, a number of tests ________ (conduct) to make sure that it has no side effects. 6．The country _____ (tear) apart since the war broke out. People are trying to rebuild their homes. 7．Some parts of the book ________(tear) down so far, making it hard to read. 8．The drug _________（suspe