2024届高三英语一轮复习之动词的时态和语态课件

动词的时态和语态 ● 单句填空 1.[2022·全国甲卷] In the last five years, Cao 　 　　　　　(walk) through 34 countries in six continents…  高考链接 has walked [解析]考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语in the last five years可知,此处应用现在完成时,且主语为单数形式,故填has walked。 2.[2022·浙江1月考] …200 academics—many of them climate scientists—　　　 　　　　　(promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.   高考链接 have promised [解析]考查时态。根据时间状语“since the effort…”可知主句应使用现在完成时,故填have promised。 3. [2022·浙江1月考] Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like—frequently by plane—__________________________________ (view) as important for scientists to get together and exchange information.   高考链接 is viewed/has been viewed [解析]考查动词时态和语态。描述人们普遍认知的事情用一般现在时,此处也可以表示强调人们从过去到现在的认知,可用现在完成时。分析句子可知,此处为动名词短语作主语且主谓之间存在被动关系,故填is viewed或has been viewed。 4. [2021·天津3月考改编] Currently, about 35,000 works 　　　　 　　　 　　(display) in over 300 rooms in the Louvre, and it would take a lifetime to see everything.   高考链接 are being displayed [解析]考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。根据currently 和语境可知,此处表示目前正在发生的事,应用现在进行时;作品被陈列,应用被动语态;主语about 35,000 works为复数,谓语动词用复数形式。故填are being displayed。 5. [2021·全国甲卷] The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It 　　 　　　　(build) originally to protect the city in the Tang Dynasty and has now been completely restored.   高考链接 was built [解析]考查动词时态和语态。分析句子结构可知,空处为句子谓语,和句子主语it构成被动关系,由originally可知,此处应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was built。 高考命题点一　一般体 考点一　一般现在时(动词用原形或第三人称单数) 规则1 表示客观规律或普遍真理(不受主句的时态限制)。 The geography teacher told us the earth moves around the sun. 地理老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。 规则2 表示经常或习惯性的动作(多用行为动词,且常与表频率的时间状语连用)或现在的性质、状态、特征等。 考点解读 We always care for each other and help each other. 我们总是相互关心,相互帮助。 规则3 少数用于表示起止的动词,如come, go, leave, arrive, fly, return, start, begin, open, close, end, stop等,常用一般现在时代替一般将来时,表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作。 The shop closes at 11:00 pm every day. 这个商店每天晚上11点关门。 考点解读 规则4 在时间、条件、方式及让步状语从句中常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。 Unless it rains tomorrow, I will call on y