内容正文:
非谓语动词
● 单句填空
1.[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷] (cover) an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.
高考链接
Covering
[解析]考查现在分词作状语。分析句子结构可知,该句的主语是the GPNP,谓语动词是 will be。又因提示词cover为动词,the GPNP与cover的关系为主动关系,故空格处应填入cover的现在分词形式。(注意:位于句子开头,单词首字母应大写。)
2
2.[2022·全国乙卷] (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media…
高考链接
To strengthen
[解析]考查不定式作状语。分析句子可知,空格处指“为了加强与年轻人的联系”,用不定式作目的状语。句首单词首字母需要大写。故填To strengthen。
3. [2022·全国甲卷] A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked 40 days to Xi'an, as a first step (journey) the Belt and Road route by foot.
高考链接
to journey
[解析]考查不定式作定语。此处journey为动词,表示“旅行”,step前面有序数词,用不定式作后置定语。故填to journey。
4. [2022·浙江1月考] That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans (continue)the practice.
高考链接
to continue
[解析]考查动词不定式作宾语。动词plan后面跟动词不定式,plan to do sth意为“计划做”,故填to continue。
5. [2021·全国乙卷] It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveller to become (educate) about the areas…
高考链接
[解析]考查非谓语动词作表语。此处指游客接受教育,需用过去分词,become为系动词,此处用过去分词作表语。故填educated。
educated
非谓语动词主要有不定式、动词的-ing形式(包括动名词和现在分词)及过去分词三类。其语态和句法功能如下表:
考点解读
考点解读
语态和句法
功能
非谓语动词 主动语态 被动语态 句法功能
一般 完成 一般 完成 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 补语
不定式 to do to have done to be done to have been done √ √ √ √ √ √
考点解读
语态和句法
功能
非谓语动词 主动语态 被动语态 句法功能
一般 完成 一般 完成 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 补语
动词的-ing形式 doing having done being done having been done √ √ √ √ √ √
过去分词 done √ √ √ √
(续表)
考点一 不定式和动名词作主语
考点解读
动名词作主语多指抽象的、概念性的动作,可以是多次的、经常性的行为;不定式作主语多表示具体的动作,尤其是某一次的动作。 Smoking is forbidden in public places.(经常性的)
It is impossible to go swimming this afternoon.(具体的)
不定式短语作主语时,常用it作形式主语,而把不定式放在谓语之后。 It is right to give up smoking.戒烟是正确的。
(续表)
考点解读
“It is/was a waste of…/no use/no good/worth doing sth.”句型中常用动名词作主语。 It is worth making an appointment before