Unit 5 一般现在时的被动语态精讲及语法练习 2023-2024学年人教版英语九年级全册

Unit 5 What are the shirts made of ? 语法专项——一般现在时的被动语态 语法链接+练习 一、一般现在时的被动语态 1.语态 语态是动词的一种形式,表示句子主与谓语的关系。当谓语动词表示一个动作时,它和主语有两种不同的关系:主语态(The Active Voice)和被动语态The Passive Voice)。 主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执者;被动语态则表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。 【例句】 Many people speak English.许多人讲英语。 English is spoken by many people .英语被许多人讲。 2.被动语态的构成 被动语态由“助动词be+过去分词”构成,其人称、数和时态的变化都是通过助动词be的不同形式表现出来的。本单元先来学习一般现在时的被动语态。 3.一般现在时的被动语态的各种句式 一般现在时的被动语态的结构为am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词”,be的单复数形式根据主语而定。如果强调动作或行为的执行者,就用介词“by”引出。 The kite is made by my father.这个风筝是我爸爸制作的。 句式 构成 肯定句形式 主语+am/is/are+过去分词+by...)... 否定句形式 主语+am/is/are+not+过去分词(+by...)... 一般疑问句形式 Am/Is/Are+主语+过去分词(+by...)...? 肯定回答:Yes,主语+am/is/are. 否定回答:No,主语+isn’t/aren’t或No, I’m not . 特殊疑问句形式 特殊疑问词+am/is/are+主语+过去分词(+by...)...? 【教材原句】 Tea plants are grown on the sides of mountains.茶树被种植在山坡上。 Are the cars made in China? 这些汽车是中国生产的吗? What is this kind of sweater made of?这种毛衣是用什么制成的? 【难点突破】 主动语态变被动语态的步骤: 1.确定主动句的主语、谓语和宾语; 2.把主动句里的宾语变为被动句里的主语,若主动句里的宾语是人称代词,要将宾格变为主格; 3.把谓语变成被动结构“be+动词的过去分词”,但时态不能改变; 4.把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后做宾语,若主语是人称代词,应把主格变成宾格。 主动语态:主语+谓语+宾语... 被动语态:主语 +be done +by... We clean the classroom every day. The classroom is cleaned by us every day. 【注意】 ①by 短语有时可以省略。 【教材原句】 People grow tea in Hangzhou.人们在杭州种植茶叶。 Tea is grown (by people) in Hangzhou.茶叶在杭州(被人们)种植。 ②如果主动句中有两个宾语(直接宾语和间接宾语),可以把其中任意一个变成被动句的主语。 My teacher gives me a lot of books.(主动语态) 主语 谓语 间宾 直宾 我的老师给我许多书。 被动语态: I am given a lot of books by my teacher. A lot of books are given to me by my teacher. 【语法专练】 一、单项选择。 1.(2022北京)On our farm , the tea leaves _by hand when they are ready . A. pick B. picked C. are picked D. were picked 2.(2022河北)-Mmm...Delicious .What is it? -It_ zongzi ,Tony. It’s a traditional food in China . A. calls B. is called C. called D. was called 3.(2022辽宁阜新)Chinese _by more and more people around the world today . A. learns B. learned C. was learned D. is learned 4.(2022湖北黄冈)-Many DIY cards _to mothers on Mother’s Day every year . -How creative ! A. is sending B. are sending C. is sent D