内容正文:
UNIT 5
Ancient Civilization
宾语从句
Object Clause
目录 contents
定义
引导词
语序
时态
总结
练习
一 什么是宾语从句?
试比较
We know him.
简单句
主s
谓v
宾o
We know he likes English.
复合句
主s
谓v
宾o
主s
谓v
宾o
I like Water Festival very much.
主s
谓v
宾o
I said that I liked Water Festival.
主s
谓v
宾o
主句
引导词
宾 语 从 句
宾语从句
The Objective Clause
1.从句是复合句中的一个句子成分,不能独立成句,
但具有主语部分和谓语部分。
2.宾语从句:在复合句中,由一个句子来充当宾语的成分,并有一个连接词引导。
eg. 1.I think that our school is very beautiful.
我认为 (连接词) 我们的学校很美丽。(宾语)
2. I know where he is .
3. I am surprised at what he said.
概 念
含有宾语从句的句子结构
主句 +引导词+ 宾语从句
宾语从句三要素
引导词
时态
语序
重点
宾语从句三要素、与"疑问词+to do"的转换
宾语从句三要素:
01语序: 陈述语序
02连接词:that, whether / if, 特殊疑问词。
03时态 :①主现从任 ②主过从过 ③从真从现
1.语序:
宾语从句在句子中要用陈述句语序,即“连接词+主语+谓语+其他”。
I know that he went to school yesterday.
我知道他昨天去上学了。
I ask if he wants to play games.
我问他是否想要玩游戏。
I wonder what his name is.
我想知道他的名字是什么。
(1)当连接词是which,who 或what,并在从句中作主语时,
这时的从句语序本身即为陈述句语序。
eg. He's asking who broke the window.
他正在询问是谁打破了窗户。
(2)本身即为陈述句语序的常见句型:
What's wrong with...?
What happened to ...?
What's the matter/trouble with...?
Which is the way to...?
eg. Could you please tell me which is the way to the hospital?
请问去医院怎么走?
2. 连接词
1.that的用法:
(1)宾语从句是陈述句,that不作成分,无意义,可省。
I know. He likes English. (合成一句)
I know (that) he likes English.
注意注意注意!!!
当主句的谓语动词是think,believe,suppose,guess等时,如果
从句表示否定,要将否定词转移到主句之中。(即,否定前移)
I don't think he will come tonight. 我认为他今晚不会来了。
(2)that不可省的情况:
①当宾语从句的主语是that时。
He says that that is a map of China. 他说那是一张中国地图。
②宾语从句前有插入语时。
He says , in his letter, that he misses us very much.
他在信中说他非常想念我们。
③宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时。
I can't tell him that his dad died.
我不能告诉他他的父亲去世了。
④几个宾语从句并列时,连接最后一个宾语从句的that不可省。
He told us what had happened and that he couldn't go to school。
他告诉我们发生了什么事,还有他不能去上学了。
⑤that引导的宾语从句中还有从句时,that不能省略。
He said that if she went he would go.他说如果她去他就会去。
2.whether 和if 的用法:
(1)宾语从句是由一般疑问句转换而来,不作成分,但有意义,
表“是否”,不可省。
I ask. Does he want to go swimming? (合成一句)
I ask if/whether he wants