2024届中职高三英语一轮复习语法专项知识 宾语从句 导学案

语法专项知识清单:宾语从句 宾语从句:句子充当主句的宾语。当中的从句在句中作及物动词(vt.)的宾语,或介词的宾语,或形容词的宾语。 Eg.I wonder when he will come._ He was angry at what she said. _ I am not sure whether it’s right or not. _ 宾语从句三要素分别是:语序、时态和连接词 1、 连接词 1.连词:that、whether/if 2.连接代词:what,which,who,whom,whose;whoever,whatever,whichever... 3.连接副词:when,where,how,why (一)that 引导的宾语从句 1.当宾语从句是陈述句时,用that引导,that本身无意义,不充当句子成分,只起连接作用,口语中可省略。 She said _she went to the park last week. 她说她上周去了公园。 2.that不能省略的情况 ①当宾语从句的主语是that时。Eg.He says _ that is a map of the city. ②当宾语从句前有插入语时。Eg.He says, in his letter, _ he misses us very much. ③动词后≥2个that引导的宾语从句,只可省略第一个that。Eg.He said _ the book was very interesting and_all the children like to read it. ④宾语从句中又包含从句。Eg.The woman said that if we cleaned the room, she would give us sugar. ⑤it 做形式宾语。I think it necessary _ he should stay here. (2) if/whether 引导的宾语从句 当宾语从句是由一般疑问句变来时,要用连接词if或whether来引导。if和whether在句中的意思是“_”,一般情况下二者可以互换使用。 Eg.I want to know if/whether he is a teacher. 2.只用whether,不用if的情况 ①在介词后:②与or not连用:③在不定式前:④discuss之后:⑤宾语从句在句首:⑥用if引起歧义时: Whether to leave is a question. I don’t know whether he comes or not. (三)当宾语从句是由特殊疑问句变来时,要用特殊疑问词作为引导词。句子意思不完整,缺少成分。缺什么,补什么。 1.Do you know _ class he is in? 2.I want to know_you were late for school. 3.He asked _handwriting was the best in our class. 4.You must remember_your mother said. (四)特殊情况 1.宾语从句的否定转移 I_ believe he_ come. 我认为他不会来。 2.用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句 具备两个条件:①真正的宾语是不定式,动名词或从句;② 有宾语补足语。 句型为:主语+谓语动词(find,think,make,feel,consider等)+it+宾补+that引导的宾语从句 I find_ pleasant_ (work) with him. Do you consider_ necessary _ he will do it again? 3宾语从句的虚拟语气 若主句的谓语是suggest / order / demand / insist /require等词,从句用虚拟语气,形式为(should)+动原 The captain ordered that they_(start) at once. 2、 语序 宾语从句均用陈述语序(即正常的主谓语序):连接词+主语+谓语+其它成分。 eg. When will he come? I wonder when he will come. I don’ know_ .(他是谁) Can you tell me _ (你为什么迟到)this morning? 3、 时态 主句时态 从句时态 例句 一般现在时 所需的任何时态 I don't know when he _ back.(他什么时候会回来) He tells me that his sister _(come) back yesterday. 一般过去时 所需的过去的某种