2023年中考英语一轮复习课件 句子成分和五大基本句型

英语句子成分和五大基本句型 2023年11月11日 1.今天有好多事情要做。 Have a try 1.今天有好多事情要做。 Today has a lot of things to do. I have a lot of things to do today. 英语重结构,汉语重语义 “就句子的结构而论,西洋语言是法治的,中国语言是人治的。” -王力 思考:英语句子是词按照一定的语法结构组成的,组成句子的各个部分叫做句子的成分。包括:主语/谓语/表语/宾语/宾语补足语/定语/状语 主语 谓语 宾语 状语 定语 补语 表语 句子的成分 学习目标: 1.了解英语主要句子成分和五大基本句型。 2.分析句子成分并能辨别五大基本句型,会简单的英汉互译。 表示句子所说的是 “什么人”或“什么事物” 主 语 Gina is from Australia. She often goes to the movies. Three is enough. Doing the work is hard for him. To see is to believe. What he needs is a book. -名词 -代词 -数词 -动名词 -不定式 -主语从句 结合例句说一下充当主语的通常是什么 7 主语在哪里 The young should respect the old. Tom didn't do his homework yesterday. What he has said is true. Seeing is believing. 说明主语“做什么” 或“怎么样”, 谓语通常是动词。 主谓要一致 谓 语 We love China. He has a bad cold. We have finished reading this book. 谓语在哪里 They can speak English well. 助动词和情态动词须和实义动词一起构成谓语 He looked after two boys. They enjoyed playing computer games. 表示动作, 行为的对象 说明主语“做什么” 宾 语 Can I ask some questions? He is looking at the dog. 宾语一般放在及物动词或介词后 宾 语 He gave me two books. Tom teaches us English. 双宾语 人是间接宾语,物是直接宾语 My brother hasn’t done his homework. A B C D 宾语在哪里 I bought a computer last week. A B C D 13 说明主语“是什么”, “怎么样” 位于系动词之后 表 语 Her mother is a teacher. The food tastes delicious. 找出表语 Every thing looks nice. His face turned red. He is happy. 修饰名词或代词 定 语 She’s a good basketball player. What’s your name? The girl with long hair is my sister. 找出定语 Some people forgot to sweep the floor. A B C D The man over there was trying to sleep. A B C D 区分表语和定语 She is outgoing. She is an outgoing girl. 修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句, 说明时间、地点、方式、原因、结果、条件、让步、程度、频率、伴随、目的等。 状 语 The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machines. He sat there quietly. 找出状语 He began writing when he was eleven. A B C D There was a big smile on her face. A B C D 用来补充说明宾语的情况 宾语 补足语 We called him Bob. He asked her to take the boy out of school. I saw Mr. Wang getting on the bus. A B C D They call me Lily sometimes. A B C D 找出宾补 Summary 句子成分 2 谓语 “做什么” 或“怎么样”,描述主语的动作或状态 3 宾语 动作行