内容正文:
非谓语动词2:不定式(to do)
答题要点及真题演练
by lily 塔三 2023
高中英语语法
做宾语补足语
I need somebody _________
我需要有人治愈
Somebody_________
有人倾诉
Somebody ___________
有人陪伴
Somebody________
有人相拥
It's easy _________
这知之非难
But it's never the same
却行之不易
to heal
to know
to have
to hold
to say
做定语
非谓语动词不定式的几个要点说明
1.to do通常表示动作将来发生,有时也可以表示与谓语动作几乎同时发生。
e.g. He seems to know this.
I'm glad to see you.
非谓语动词不定式的几个要点说明
2.不定式作后置定语(此时,不定式前的名词是逻辑主语)或补语时,若句子主语是不定式动作的执行者,则用主动形式表被动含义;若句子主语不是不定式动作的执行者,则用被动形式表被动含义。
I will have my refrigerator to be repaired later. (冰箱将会被别人修理,而不是我修)
Kevin has much homework to do. (Kevin要做作业,而不是别人做)
另:双宾语动词结构中,若间接宾语(通常为人)是不定式的执行者,则,修饰直接宾语,不定式用主动表被动。
如: Please give me a knife ______________ (cut) with.
to cut
非谓语动词不定式的几个要点说明
3.若不定式与所修饰的名词成动宾关系,且不定式的实意动词在句中作为不及物动词使用,则需补充相应介词。如:
I need a pen to write with. (I will write with the pen 我需要一支钢笔写字)
I have a little baby to look after.(I must look after the little baby 我有一个婴儿要照看)
非谓语动词不定式的几个要点说明
4.在作表语/补语的形容词后面,用来说明人或事物的特点、特性时,用不定式的主动形式表被动意思。
The room is comfortable to live in.
We found the survey easy to conduct.
He is easy to please.
非谓语动词不定式的几个要点说明
5.不定式作结果状语与现在分词做结果状语的区别:
不定式作结果状语通常表示“出乎意料”的结果,而现在分词作结果状语,往往表示“自然而然”的结果。
European football is played in 80 countries,_______ it the most popular sport in the world.
A. making B. makes C. made D. to make
A
非谓语动词不定式的几个要点说明
6.不定式符号to与介词to的辨别:
介词to后通常接名词,而不定式符号to后需接动词原形。如:
If you stick to the truth, you will have nothing to fear.
(此处第一个to为介词,第二个to为不定式符号)
非谓语动词不定式的几个要点说明
7.“疑问句+动词不定式”相当于名词短语,在句中可作主语、宾语或表语等,常可转换成一个由该疑问词引导的从句(与why连用时,通常只用于“why do sth.”或“why not do sth.”的结构。
如:Why spend such a lot of money
He told us what to do.
=
He told us what we should do.
非谓语动词不定式的几个要点说明
8.不定式的省略
两个或两个以上的动词不定式由连词and , 从第二个不定式起,往往省略不定式符号to。
She 'd like to take off her coat and 省 have a break.
The students are taught to read, 省write and 省do many other things.
若前后文使用的不定式一样,则后文中不定式可以省略实意动词。
The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him___