Unit1 Science and Scientists 单词讲义-2023-2024学年人教版高中英语选择性必修第二册

Xbook2 Words and Expressions in Unit 1 1. cholera n. 霍乱 常见表达：have/develop/get cholera 患霍乱 eg: 1) That country was struck by an outbreak of cholera.这个国家爆发了霍乱。 2)The man has been infected with cholera.这个人感染了霍乱。 2. severe adj. 极为恶劣的; 十分严重的; 严厉的 比较级: more severe 最高级: most severe 常见表达：a severe punishment/sentence 重罚/重判 suffer from severe diseases/illnesses/pain 遭受重病/剧痛之苦 severe drought/weather/winter严重的旱情/恶劣的天气/严冬 face severe challenges 面临严峻挑战 Eg. She is a severe woman who seldom smiles.她是一个不苟言笑的人。 派生词：severely adv. 严重地; 严厉地; 苛刻地 Eg. Whoever breaks the law will be severely punished. 任何人违反法律都将被严惩。(主语从句) 3.frustrated adj. 懊恼的; 沮丧的; 失意的(只作前置定语) 常见表达：be frustrated at/with 因/对…灰心丧气 get frustrated 受到挫折/ feel frustrated 感到沮丧 frustrate one’s plan 破坏某人的计划 in frustration 懊恼地/沮丧地 派生词：frustrate vt. 挫败；阻挠；使感到灰心 frustrating adj. 令人沮丧的 frustration n.懊恼，沮丧 n. 令人懊恼的事物 同义词：discouraged/depressed/disappointed Eg: 用frustrate及其正确形式填空 What _________ me most was the____________results of our team’s narrow defeat in the final, after which the players looked very ___________ and the fans left the stadium in _____________ . 让沮丧的是我们队在决赛中以微弱只差败北的令人沮丧的结局，在那以后我们的队员的看起来很沮丧，粉丝也沮丧地离开了体育馆。 4. once and for all 最终地; 彻底地 同义词： completely/entirely/totally/thoroughly Eg. He never lost his desire to destroy cholera once and for all. 他始终没有放弃彻底根除霍乱的愿望。 5. contradictory adj.相互矛盾的; 对立的; 不一致的 比较级 more contradictory 最高级 most contradictory 常见表达：be contradictory to… 与……矛盾、相反 eg: His remark was contradictory to the truth. 他的评论与事实相反。 关联词汇：contradict vt. 反驳；与…相矛盾 词汇记忆法：【contra- = against “相对，相反”； dict-表示 “说”】 contra-： contrary adj. 相反的，矛盾的； contrast n. v. 差别，对比，使对比 6. infection n. 感染；传染 关联词汇：infect v. 感染;传染 infectious adj. 传染性的 infected adj. 被传染的 常见表达：Sb. have/get/develop an infection 受到感染 infect sb. with… 把…传染给… Sb. be infected with--- 感染上… eg:1) Lucy’s enthusiasm soon infected the rest of the class. ___________ 2)The _________ patient is positive.目前被感染的那个病人情绪良好。 3)Flu is highly ____