内容正文:
现在完成时和过去完成时
1
1.含义:过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
2.结构:have/has+done (第三人称单数或不可数名词作主语时用has)
3.时间标志词:already已经,just只是,yet但是,before以前,lately最近,
recently最近,never从来,so far到目前为止,in the past few years,
since 1980从1980年开始,for 3 days(weeks)三天(周),ever曾经,up to now到目前为止
现在完成时
4.用法:
①表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
I have finished my homework.
②表示过去已经开始,一直持续到现在的动作或状态,往往和表示一段时间的状语连用,如for,since,these days 等连用,动词必须是延续性动词。如:
They have lived in Beijing for ten years.
They have lived in Beijing since 1995.
现在完成时
现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,强调的是现在的情况。因此,不能与单纯表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时只表示过去的动作或状态,和现在不发生关系,它不能与连续性时间状语连用。
例子1.:I (live) in the country since 1970.
自从1970年以来,我一直住在乡下。(现在还在这儿)
2.I in the country in 1970. 1970年我住在乡下。(不知道现在在哪里)
5.现在完成时和一般过去时的区别:
have lived
lived
6.现在完成时的一些特殊句型
Ø It is the first/second time that +现在完成时,“某人第几次做某事”
翻译:
1.It is the first time that (参观这座城市).
2.这是我第一次来这里。
3.It was the third time that (上学迟到).
I have visited the city.
the boy had been late for school.
It is the first time that I have been /come here.
7.have/has gone to、have/has been to 和have/has been in的区别。
1.have/ has gone to 已经去了某地未回 Has he gone to Qingdao? 他去青岛了吗?
2.have/ has been to 曾经到过某地又回来了She has been to Shanghai before. 她以前曾去过上海。
3.have/ has been in 在某地停留了多久
She has been in Shanghai for ten years. 她在上海10年了。
1.The professor_____ London and he will give us a talk when he comes back.
A. has been to B. had been to C. has gone to D. had gone to
2. Bruce has to France. He will come back in three days.
A. never been B.gone C. been D.went
C
B
过去完成时
1.结构:had + done(过去分词)
2.含义:在过去某一时间或动作以前已完成的行为或存在的状态。即发生的时间是过去的过去
3.时间标志词:by the end of/by/before+过去时间
4.用法:
①表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已完成的行为或存在的状态。即发生的时间是过去的过去。By the end of last term, we had learned five English songs.
②表示在过去某一动作之前就已经发生或完成了的动作。常用when,before,after等引导的从句作为动作